Scotlands Mark on America | Page 3

men.
Nurse of heroes, nurse of martyrs, nurse of freemen, are titles which belong of right to our Motherland and she has been justified of her children, at home and abroad. The rolls of honor of many countries and many climes bear their names; there is no field of distinction whether it be of thought or of action that has not witnessed their triumphs. That Scotland has yielded more than her share of the men who have gone forth to the conquest of the world is largely due to the fact that it was part of her discipline that men must first conquer themselves. The weakest of them felt that restraining influence, and the striving after the Scottish ideal, however feeble, has been a protection against sinking into utter baseness. The most wayward scions of the Scottish family have known that influence, and have borne testimony to the beauty of the homely virtues which they failed to practice and the nobility of aspirations which fell short of controlling their life.
It belongs to the character and antecedents of Scotsmen that the attribute of national independence should take so high a place among the objects of human effort and desire. It was because Scotland settled for all time, six hundred years ago, her place as an independent State that she proved herself capable of begetting men like John Knox, Robert Burns and Walter Scott. It is because the vigor of the Scottish race and the adaptiveness of the Scottish genius remain to-day unimpaired, that the lustre of Scottish-names shone so brilliantly during the World War. It may be confidently asserted that, whether regarded as a race or a people no members of the great English-speaking family did more promptly, more cheerfully or more courageously make the sacrifices required to perform their full part in the struggle to defend the freedom that belongs to our common heritage and to preserve the ideals without which we should not regard life as worth living. The union, centuries old, in the Scottish mind and heart of the most uncompromising devotion to individual liberty with the most fervid patriotism, is a sentiment of which the world stands greatly in need to-day. We need not go far to find evidence of how perilous it is to sink regard for the great conception of human brotherhood in a narrow, nationalistic concern for individual interests. In the Scottish conception of liberty, duties have always been rated as highly as _rights_; it has been a constructive, not a destructive formula; it has been an inspiration to raise men out of themselves, not to prompt them to indulge in antics of promiscuous leveling. The kind of democracy for which Scotsmen have deemed that the world should be made safe is a human brotherhood, indeed, but a brotherhood imbued with the generous rivalry of effort, the enthusiasm of emulous achievement, and not one of inglorious, monotonous and colorless equality.
JOHN FOORD

CONTENTS
Foreword 3
Scottish Emigration to the American Colonies 11
Some Prominent Scots and Scots Families 24
Scots as Colonial and Provincial Governors 32
Scots and the Declaration of Independence 36
Scots as Signers of the Declaration of Independence 38
Scots in the Presidency 40
Scots as Vice-Presidents 41
Scots as Cabinet Officers 42
Scots in the Senate 45
Scots in the House of Representatives 47
Scots in the Judiciary 48
Scots as Ambassadors 51
Scots as State Governors 53
Scots in the Army 60
Scots in the Navy 65
Scots as Scientists 67
Scots as Physicians 73
Scots in Education 76
Scots in Literature 81
Scots in the Church and Social Welfare 84
Scots as Lawyers 87
Scots in Art, Architecture, etc. 88
Scots as Inventors 95
Scots as Engineers 99
Scots in Industries 101
Scots in Banking, Finance, Insurance and Railroads 105
Scots as Journalists, Publishers and Typefounders 108
Some Prominent Scots in New York City 113
Scottish Societies in the United States 115
Conclusion 116
List of Principal Authorities Referred to 117
Index 119
"No people so few in number have scored so deep a mark in the world's history as the Scots have done. No people have a greater right to be proud of their blood."--James Anthony Froude.
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SCOTTISH EMIGRATION TO THE AMERICAN COLONIES
Scottish emigration to America came in two streams--one direct from the motherland and the other through the province of Ulster in the north of Ireland. Those who came by this second route are usually known as "Ulster Scots," or more commonly as "Scotch-Irish," and they have been claimed as Irishmen by Irish writers in the United States. This is perhaps excusable but hardly just. Throughout their residence in Ireland the Scots settlers preserved their distinctive Scottish characteristics, and generally described themselves as "the Scottish nation in the north of Ireland." They, of course, like the early pioneers in this country, experienced certain changes through the influence of their new surroundings, but, as one writer has remarked, they "remained as distinct from the native population as if they had never