Scientific American Supplement, No. 787, January 31, 1891

ొScientific American Supplement, No. 787, January 31, 1891

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Title: Scientific American Supplement, No. 787, January 31, 1891
Author: Various
Release Date: November 10, 2004 [EBook #14009]
Language: English
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SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT NO. 787

NEW YORK, January 31, 1891
Scientific American Supplement. Vol. XXXI., No. 787.
Scientific American established 1845
Scientific American Supplement, $5 a year.
Scientific American and Supplement, $7 a year.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS.
I. BIOGRAPHY.--CHARLES GOODYEAR.--The life and discoveries of the inventor of vulcanized India rubber, with portrait.--1 illustration
II. BIOLOGY.--Can we Separate Animals from Plants?--By ANDREW WILSON.--A debated point well discussed.--The bases on which distinctions must be drawn
III. ELECTRICITY.--A New Electric Ballistic Target.--A target for investigations of the velocity of projectiles, now in use at the United States Military Academy, West Point, N.Y.--1 illustration.
Electric Erygmascope.--An electric lighting apparatus for examining earth strata in bore holes for geologists' and prospectors' use.--1 illustration
The Electro-Magnet.--By Prof. SILVANUS THOMPSON.--Continuation of this exhaustive treatise, giving further details on special points of construction.--1 illustrations
IV. ENTOMOLOGY.--Potash Salts.--The use of potash salts as insecticides, with accounts of experiments
The Outlook for Applied Entomology.--By Dr. C.V. RILEY, U.S. entomologist.--The conclusion of Prof. Riley's lecture, treating of the branch of entomology with which his name is so honorably associated
V. INSURANCE.--The Expense Margin in Life Insurance.--Elaborate review of the necessary expenses of conducting the insurance of lives, with tables and calculations
VI. MATHEMATICS.--The Trisection of Any Angle.--By FREDERIC R. HONEY, Ph.B.--A very ingenious demonstration of this problem, based on the properties of conjugate hyperbolas
VII. METEOROLOGY.--Note on the Mt. Blanc Meteorological Station
The Flood at Karlsbad.--Account of the recent flood and of its destructive effects.--1 illustration
VIII. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING.--Station for Testing Agricultural Machines.--A proposed establishment for applying dynamometer tests to agricultural machines.--1 illustration
Steam Engine Valves.--By THOMAS HAWLEY.--A review of modern slide valve practice, the lap, cut-off, and other points.--6 illustrations
IX. MISCELLANEOUS.--Science in the Theater.--Curious examples of stage effect in fictitious mesmerizing and hypnotizing.--4 illustrations
Theatrical Water Plays.--Recent episodes in real water plays at Hengler's Circus, London.--2 illustrations
X. NAVAL ENGINEERING.--The French Ironclad War Ship Colbert.--An armored wood and iron ship, with central battery.--1 illustration
XI. PHYSIOLOGY AND HYGIENE.--Newer Physiology and Pathology.--By Prof. SAMUEL BELL. M.D.--An excellent presentation of modern practice in the light of bacteriology
Test Card Hints.--How to test the eyes for selecting eyeglasses and spectacles
The Composition of Koch's Lymph.--What Prof. Koch says it is and what it can do.--The cabled account of the disclosure so long waited for
XII. TECHNOLOGY.--Firing Points of Various Explosives.--The leading explosives, with the temperature of their exploding points tabulated
The Recovery of Gold and Silver from Plating and Gilding Solutions--A paper of interest to silver and gold platers, as well as photographers
Water Softening and Purifying Apparatus.--An apparatus for treatment of sewage, etc., chemically and by deposition.--1 illustration
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THE FRENCH IRONCLAD WAR SHIP COLBERT.
The central battery ironclad Colbert is one of the ten ships of the French navy that constitute the group ranking next in importance to the squadron of great turret ships, of which the Formidable is the largest. The group consists of six types, as follows:
1. The Ocean type; three vessels; the Marengo, Ocean, and Suffren. 2. The Friedland type, of which no others are built. 3. The Richelieu type, of which no others are built. 4. The Colbert type, of which there are two; the Colbert and the Trident. 5. The Redoubtable type, of which no others are built. 6. The Devastation type, of which no others are built.
[Illustration: THE FRENCH IRONCLAD WAR SHIP COLBERT.]
The Colbert was launched at Brest in 1875, and her sister ship, the Trident, in 1876. Both are of iron and wood, and the following are the principal dimensions of the Colbert, which apply very closely to the Trident: She is 321 ft. 6 in. long, 59 ft. 6 in. beam, and 29 ft. 6 in. draught aft. Her displacement is 8,457 tons, her indicated horse power is 4,652, and her speed 14.4 knots. She has coal carrying capacity for 700 tons, and her crew numbers 706. The thickness of her armor belt is 8.66 in., that protecting the central battery is 6.29 in. thick, which is also the thickness of the transverse armored bulkheads, while the deck is 0.43 in. in thickness. The armament of the Colbert consists of eight 10.63 in. guns, two 9.45 in., six 5.51 in., two quick firing guns, and fourteen revolving and machine guns.--_Engineering._
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A compound locomotive, built by