Response in the Living and Non-Living | Page 2

STIMULUS OF LIGHT AND RETINAL CURRENTS
Visual impulse: (1) chemical theory; (2) electrical theory--Retinal currents--Normal response positive--Inorganic response under stimulus of light--Typical experiment on the electrical effect induced by light 148
CHAPTER XVIII
INORGANIC RESPONSE--INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS CONDITIONS ON THE RESPONSE TO STIMULUS OF LIGHT
Effect of temperature--Effect of increasing length of exposure--Relation between intensity of light and magnitude of response--After-oscillation--Abnormal effects: (1) preliminary negative twitch; (2) reversal of response; (3) transient positive twitch on cessation of light; (4) decline and reversal--Résumé 158
CHAPTER XIX
VISUAL ANALOGUES
Effect of light of short duration--After-oscillation--Positive and negative after-images--Binocular alternation of vision--Period of alternation modified by physical condition--After-images and their revival--Unconscious visual impression. 170
CHAPTER XX
GENERAL SURVEY AND CONCLUSION 181
INDEX 193

ILLUSTRATIONS
FIG. PAGE
1. MECHANICAL LEVER RECORDER 3
2. ELECTRIC METHOD OF DETECTING NERVE RESPONSE 6
3. DIAGRAM SHOWING INJURED END OF NERVE CORRESPONDS TO 8 COPPER IN A VOLTAIC ELEMENT
4. ELECTRIC RECORDER 11
5. SIMULTANEOUS RECORD OF MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL 13 RESPONSES
6. NEGATIVE VARIATION IN PLANTS 19
7. PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORD OF NEGATIVE VARIATION IN PLANTS 20
8. RESPONSE RECORDER 21
9. THE COMPENSATOR 22
10. THE SPRING-TAPPER 23
11. THE TORSIONAL VIBRATOR 24
12. RESPONSE IN PLANT TO MECHANICAL TAP OR VIBRATION 25
13. INFLUENCE OF SUDDENNESS ON THE EFFICIENCY OF 26 STIMULUS
14. THE METHOD OF BLOCK 28
15. RESPONSE IN PLANT COMPLETELY IMMERSED UNDER WATER 29
16. UNIFORM RESPONSES IN PLANT 36
17. FUSION OF EFFECT UNDER RAPIDLY SUCCEEDING STIMULI IN 36 MUSCLE AND IN PLANT
18. ADDITIVE EFFECT OF SINGLY INEFFECTIVE STIMULI ON 37 PLANT
19. 'STAIRCASE EFFECT' IN PLANT 37
20. APPEARANCE OF FATIGUE IN PLANT UNDER SHORTENED 39 PERIOD OF REST
21. FATIGUE IN CELERY 40
22. FATIGUE IN CAULIFLOWER-STALK 41
23. FATIGUE FROM PREVIOUS OVERSTRAIN 41
24. FATIGUE UNDER CONTINUOUS STIMULATION IN CELERY 42
25. EFFECT OF REST IN REMOVAL OF FATIGUE IN PLANT 43
26. DIPHASIC VARIATION IN PLANT 46
27, 28. ABNORMAL POSITIVE RESPONSES IN STALE PLANT 48, 49 TRANSFORMED INTO NORMAL NEGATIVE UNDER STRONG STIMULATION
29. RADIAL E.M. VARIATION 50
30. CURVES SHOWING THE RELATION BETWEEN INTENSITY OF 52 STIMULUS AND RESPONSE IN MUSCLE AND NERVE
31. INCREASING RESPONSES TO INCREASING STIMULI (TAPS) IN 52 PLANTS
32. INCREASING RESPONSES TO INCREASING VIBRATIONAL 53 STIMULI IN PLANTS
33. RESPONSES TO INCREASING STIMULI IN FRESH AND STALE 54 SPECIMENS OF PLANTS
34. APPARENT DIMINUTION OF RESPONSE CAUSED BY FATIGUE 57 UNDER STRONG STIMULATION
35. DIMINUTION OF RESPONSE IN EUCHARIS LILY AT LOW 61 TEMPERATURE
36. RECORDS SHOWING THE DIFFERENCE IN THE EFFECTS OF LOW 62 TEMPERATURE ON IVY, HOLLY, AND EUCHARIS LILY
37. PLANT CHAMBER FOR STUDYING THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE 64 AND AN?STHETICS
38. EFFECT OF HIGH TEMPERATURE ON PLANT RESPONSE 64
39. AFTER-EFFECT ON THE RESPONSE DUE TO TEMPERATURE 66 VARIATION
40. RECORDS OF RESPONSES IN EUCHARIS LILY DURING RISE 67 AND FALL OF TEMPERATURE
41. CURVE SHOWING VARIATION OF SENSITIVENESS DURING A 68 CYCLE OF TEMPERATURE VARIATION
42. RECORD OF EFFECT OF STEAM IN ABOLITION OF RESPONSE 69 AT DEATH OF PLANT
43. EFFECT OF CHLOROFORM ON NERVE RESPONSE 72
44. EFFECT OF CHLOROFORM ON THE RESPONSES OF CARROT 74
45. ACTION OF CHLORAL HYDRATE ON PLANT RESPONSES 75
46. ACTION OF FORMALIN ON RADISH 75
47. ACTION OF SODIUM HYDRATE IN ABOLISHING THE RESPONSE 78 IN PLANT
48. STIMULATING ACTION OF POISON IN SMALL DOSES IN 79 PLANTS
49. THE POISONOUS EFFECT OF STRONGER DOSE OF KOH 79
50. BLOCK METHOD FOR OBTAINING RESPONSE IN TIN 83
51. RESPONSE TO MECHANICAL STIMULATION IN A Zn-Cu COUPLE 85
52. ELECTRIC RESPONSE IN METAL BY THE METHOD OF RELATIVE 88 DEPRESSION (NEGATIVE VARIATION)
53. METHOD OF RELATIVE EXALTATION 89
54. VARIOUS CASES OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE VARIATION 90
55. MODIFICATIONS OF THE BLOCK METHOD FOR EXHIBITING 93 ELECTRIC RESPONSE IN METALS
56. EQUAL AND OPPOSITE RESPONSES GIVEN BY TWO ENDS OF 95 THE WIRE
57. TOP VIEW OF THE VIBRATION CELL 96
58. INFLUENCE OF ANNEALING IN THE ENHANCEMENT OF 101 RESPONSE IN METALS
59. UNIFORM ELECTRIC RESPONSES IN METALS 102
60. PERSISTENCE OF AFTER-EFFECT 105
61. PROLONGATION OF PERIOD OF RECOVERY AFTER OVERSTRAIN 106
62. MOLECULAR MODEL 107
63, 64. EFFECTS OF REMOVAL OF MOLECULAR SLUGGISHNESS IN 109, 110 QUICKENED RECOVERY AND HEIGHTENED RESPONSE IN METALS
65. EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON RESPONSE IN METALS 111
66. DIPHASIC VARIATION IN METALS 113
67. NEGATIVE, DIPHASIC, AND POSITIVE RESULTANT RESPONSE 115 IN METALS
68. CONTINUOUS TRANSFORMATION FROM NEGATIVE TO POSITIVE 116 THROUGH INTERMEDIATE DIPHASIC RESPONSE
69. FATIGUE IN MUSCLE 118
70. FATIGUE IN PLATINUM 118
71. FATIGUE IN TIN 119
72. APPEARANCE OF FATIGUE DUE TO SHORTENING THE PERIOD 120 OF RECOVERY
73. FATIGUE IN METAL UNDER CONTINUOUS STIMULATION 121
74. 'STAIRCASE' RESPONSE IN MUSCLE AND IN METAL 122
75. ABNORMAL RESPONSE IN NERVE CONVERTED INTO NORMAL 124 UNDER CONTINUED STIMULATION
76, 77. ABNORMAL RESPONSE IN TIN AND PLATINUM CONVERTED INTO 125 NORMAL UNDER CONTINUED STIMULATION
78. GRADUAL TRANSITION FROM ABNORMAL TO NORMAL RESPONSE 126 IN PLATINUM
79. INCREASE OF RESPONSE IN NERVE AFTER CONTINUOUS 127 STIMULATION
80, 81. RESPONSE IN TIN AND PLATINUM ENHANCED AFTER 127, 128 CONTINUOUS STIMULATION
82. MAGNETIC ANALOGUE 132
83, 84. RECORDS OF RESPONSES TO INCREASING STIMULI IN TIN 134, 135
85. INEFFECTIVE STIMULUS BECOMING EFFECTIVE BY 135 SUPERPOSITION
86. INCOMPLETE AND COMPLETE FUSION OF EFFECTS 136
87. CYCLIC CURVE FOR MAXIMUM EFFECTS SHOWING HYSTERESIS 137
88. ACTION OF