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States were not preserved. The two new States of Kentucky and Tennessee are also missing from the list. Estimates, however, have been made for these missing States.
For Delaware, the schedules of the Second Census, 1800, survived. As there was little growth and very little change in the composition of the population during this decade, the Census Bureau used the later figures as a basis for calculating the population in 1790. Of three of the missing Southern States the report says: "The composition of the white population of Georgia, Kentucky, and of the district subsequently erected into the State of Tennessee is also unknown; but in view of the fact that Georgia was a distinctly English colony, and that Tennessee and Kentucky were settled largely from Virginia and North Carolina, the application of the North Carolina proportions to the white population of these three results in what is doubtless an approximation of the actual distribution."
TABLE A[4]
DISTRIBUTION OF THE WHITE POPULATION, 1790, IN EACH STATE, ACCORDING TO NATIONALITY AS INDICATED BY NAMES OF HEADS OF FAMILIES
Note: The first column under each State gives the number of persons; the second, the percentage. The asterisk indicates less than one-tenth of one per cent.
-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+-------------- NATIONALITY | MAINE | NEW HAMPSHIRE| VERMONT | MASSACHUSETTS -------------+-------+-----+--------+-----+-------+-----+--------+----- All | | | | | | | | Nationalities| 96,107|100.0| 141,112|100.0| 85,072|100.0| 373,187|100.0 | | | | | | | | English | 89,515| 93.1| 132,726| 94.1| 81,149| 95.4| 354,528| 95.0 Scotch | 4,154| 4.3| 6,648| 4.7| 2,562| 3.0| 13,435| 3.6 Irish | 1,334| 1.4| 1,346| 1.0| 597| 0.7| 3,732| 1.0 Dutch | 279| 0.3| 153| 0.1| 428| 0.5| 373| 0.1 French | 115| 0.1| 142| 0.1| 153| 0.2| 746| 0.2 German | 436| 0.5| | | 35| *| 75| * Hebrew | 44| *| | | | | 67| * All others | 230| 0.2| 97| 0.1| 148| 0.2| 231| * -------------+-------+-----+--------+-----+-------+-----+--------+-----
-------------+-------------+--------------+--------------+-------------- NATIONALITY | RHODE ISLAND| CONNECTICUT | NEW YORK | PENNSYLVANIA -------------+-------+-----+--------+-----+--------+-----+--------+----- All | | | | | | | | Nationalities| 64,670|100.0| 232,236|100.0| 314,366|100.0| 423,373|100.0 | | | | | | | | English | 62,079| 96.0| 223,437| 96.2| 245,901| 78.2| 249,656| 59.0 Scotch | 1,976| 3.1| 6,425| 2.8| 10,034| 3.2| 49,567| 11.7 Irish | 459| 0.7| 1,589 | 0.7| 2,525| 0.8| 8,614| 2.0 Dutch | 19| *| 258 | 0.1| 50,600| 16.1| 2,623| 0.6 French | 88| 0.1| 512| 0.2| 2,424| 0.8| 2,341| 0.6 German | 33| 0.1| 4| *| 1,103| 0.4| 110,357| 26.1 Hebrew | 9| *| 5| *| 385| 0.1| 21| * All others | 7| *| 6| *| 1,394| 0.4| 194| * -------------+-------+-----+--------+-----+--------+-----+--------+-----
-------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+-------------- NATIONALITY | MARYLAND | VIRGINIA |NORTH CAROLINA|SOUTH CAROLINA -------------+--------+-----+--------+-----+--------+-----+--------+----- All | | | | | | | | Nationalities| 208,649|100.0| 442,117|100.0| 289,181|100.0| 140,178|100.0 | | | | | | | | English | 175,265| 84.0| 375,799| 85.0| 240,309| 83.1| 115,480| 82.4 Scotch | 13,562| 6.5| 31,391| 7.1| 32,388| 11.2| 16,447| 11.7 Irish | 5,008| 2.4| 8,842| 2.0| 6,651| 2.3| 3,576| 2.6 Dutch | 209| 0.1| 884| 0.2| 578| 0.2| 219| 0.2 French | 1,460| 0.7| 2,653| 0.6| 868| 0.3| 1,882| 1.8 German | 12,310| 5.9| 21,664| 4.9| 8,097| 2.8| 2,343| 1.7 Hebrew | 626| 0.3| | | 1| *| 85| * All others | 209| 0.1| 884| 0.2| 289| 0.1| 146| 0.1 -------------+--------+-----+--------+-----+--------+-----+--------+-----
TABLE B
COMPUTED DISTRIBUTION OF WHITE POPULATION, 1790, ACCORDING TO NATIONALITY, IN EACH STATE FOR WHICH SCHEDULES ARE MISSING
--------------+-----------------+-----------------+---------------- NATIONALITY | NEW JERSEY | DELAWARE | GEORGIA --------------+---------+-------+---------+-------+---------+------ All | | | | | | Nationalities | 169,954 | 100.0 | 46,310 | 100.0 | 52,886 | 100.0 | | | | | | English | 98,620 | 58.0 | 39,966 | 86.3 | 43,948 | 83.1 Scotch | 13,156 | 7.7 | 3,473 | 7.5 | 5,923 | 11.2 Irish | 12,099 | 7.1 | 1,806 | 3.9 | 1,216 | 2.3 Dutch | 21,581 | 12.7 | 463 | 1.0 | 106 | 0.2 French | 3,565 | 2.1 | 232 | 0.5 | 159 | 0.3 German | 15,678 | 9.2 | 185 | 0.4 | 1,481 | 2.8 All others[A] | 5,255 | 3.1 | 185 | 0.4 | 53 | 0.1 --------------+---------+-------+---------+-------+---------+------
--------------+-----------------+---------------- NATIONALITY | KENTUCKY | TENNESSEE --------------+---------+-------+---------+------ All | | | | Nationalities | 61,133 | 100.0 | 31,918 | 100.0 | | | | English | 50,802 | 83.1 | 26,519 | 83.1 Scotch | 6,847 | 11.2 | 3,574 | 11.2 Irish | 1,406 | 2.3 | 734 | 2.8 Dutch | 122 | 0.2 | 64 | 0.2 French | 183 | 0.3 | 96 | 0.3 German | 1,712 | 2.8 | 894 | 2.8 All others[A] | 61 | 0.1 | 32 | 0.1 --------------+---------+-------+---------+------ [Note A: Including Hebrews.]
New Jersey presented a more complex problem. Here were Welsh and Swedes, Finns and Danes, as well as French, Dutch,