McGuffeys Sixth Eclectic Reader | Page 5

ASPIRATES (13)
Subvocals are those sounds in which the vocalized breath is more or
less obstructed.

Aspirates consist of breath only, modified by the vocal organs.
Words ending with subvocal sounds may be selected for practice on the
subvocals; words beginning or ending with aspirate sounds may be
used for practice on aspirates. Pronounce these words forcibly and
distinctly, several times in succession; then drop the other sounds, and
repeat the subvocals and aspirates alone. Let the class repeat the words
and elements, at first, in concert; then separately.

TABLE OF SUBVOCALS AND ASPIRATES. (14)
Subvocals. as in
b babe
d bad
g nag
j judge
v move
th with
z buzz
z azure (azh-)
w wine
Aspirates. as in
p rap
t at
k book

ch rich
f life
th smith
s hiss
sh rush
wh what
REMARK.--These eighteen sounds make nine pairs of cognates. In
articulating the aspirates, the vocal organs are put in the position
required in the articulation of the corresponding subvocals; but the
breath is expelled with some force, without the utterance of any vocal
sound. The pupil should first verify this by experiment, and then
practice on these cognates.
The following subvocals and aspirate have no cognates:
SUBVOCAL as in
l mill
ng sing
m rim
r rule
n run
y yet

ASPIRATE.
h, as in hat.

SUBSTITUTES. (14)
Substitutes are characters used to represent sounds ordinarily
represented by other characters.
TABLE OF SUBSTITUTES.
Sub for as in
a o what
y i hymn
e a there
c s cite
e a freight
c k cap
i e police
ch sh machine
i e sir
ch k chord
o u son
g j cage
o oo to
n ng rink
o oo would

s z rose
o a corn
s sh sugar
o u worm
x gz examine
u oo pull
gh f laugh
u oo rude
ph f sylph
y i my
qu k pique
qu kw quick

FAULTS TO BE REMEDIED. (15)
The most common faults of articulation are dropping an unaccented
vowel, sounding incorrectly an unaccented vowel, suppressing final
consonants, omitting or mispronouncing syllables, and blending words.
1. Dropping an unaccented vocal.
EXAMPLES.
CORRECT INCORRECT
gran'a-ry gran'ry

a-ban'don a-ban-d'n
im-mor'tal im-mor-t'l
reg'u-lar reg'lar
in-clem'ent in-clem'nt
par-tic'u-lar par-tic'lar
des'ti-ny des-t'ny
cal-cu-la'tian cal-cl'a-sh'n
un-cer'tain un-cer-t'n
oc-ca'sion oc-ca-sh'n
em'i-nent em'nent
ef'i-gy ef'gy
ag'o-ny ag'ny
man'i-fold man'fold
rev'er-ent rev'rent
cul'ti-vate cult'vate
2. Sounding incorrectly an unaccented vowel.
EXAMPLES.
CORRECT INCORRECT
lam-en-ta'-tion lam-un-ta-tion
ter'ri-ble ter-rub-ble

e-ter'nal e-ter-nul
fel'on-y fel-er-ny
ob'sti-nate ob-stun-it
fel'low-ship fel-ler-ship
e-vent' uv-ent
cal'cu-late cal-ker-late
ef'fort uf-fort
reg'u-lar reg-gy-lur

EXERCISES. (16)
The vocals most likely to be dropped or incorrectly sounded are
italicized.
He attended divine service regularly.
This is my particular request.
She is universally esteemed.
George is sensible of his fault.
This calculation is incorrect.
What a terrible calamity.
His eye through vast immensity can pierce.
Observe these nice dependencies.
He is a formidable adversary.

He is generous to his friends.
A tempest desolated the land.
He preferred death to servitude.
God is the author of all things visible and invisible.

3. Suppressing the final subvocals or aspirates.
EXAMPLE (16)
John an' James are frien's o' my father.
Gi' me some bread.
The want o' men is occasioned by the want o' money.
We seldom fine' men o' principle to ac' thus.
Beas' an' creepin' things were foun' there.

EXERCISES. (17)
He learned to write.
The masts of the ship were cast down.
He entered the lists at the head of his troops.
He is the merriest fellow in existence.
I regard not the world's opinion.
He has three assistants.
The depths of the sea.

She trusts too much to servants.
His attempts were fruitless.
He chanced to see a bee hovering over a flower.
4. Omitting or mispronouncing whole syllables.
EXAMPLES.
Correct is improperly pronounced
Lit'er-ar-ry lit-rer-ry
co-tem'po-ra-ry co-tem-po-ry
het-er-o-ge'ne-ous het-ro-ge-nous
in-quis-i-to'ri-al in-quis-i-to-ral
mis'er-a-ble mis-rer-ble
ac-com'pa-ni-ment ac-comp-ner-ment
EXERCISE
He devoted his attention chiefly to literary pursuits.
He is a miserable creature.
His faults were owing to the degeneracy of the times.
The manuscript was undecipherable.
His spirit was unconquerable.
Great industry was necessary for the performance of the task.

5. Blending the end of one word with the beginning of the next.
EXAMPLES
I court thy gif sno more.
The grove swere God sfir stemples.
My hear twas a mirror, that show' devery treasure.
It reflecte deach beautiful blosso mof pleasure.
Han d'me the slate.
This worl dis all a fleeting show,
For man' sillusion given.
EXERCISES. (18)
The magistrates ought to arrest the rogues speedily.
The whirlwinds sweep the plain.
Linked to thy side, through every chance I go.
But had he seen an actor in our days enacting Shakespeare.
What awful sounds assail my ears?
We caught a glimpse of her.
Old age has on their temples shed her silver frost.
Our