La Princesse De Clèves | Page 2

le mouvement de mon coeur, sans que la bienséance, ou l'amitié nous engage, y e?t aucune part; j'étois assurée aussi que je faisois sa plus tendre consolation, et depuis quarante ans c'étoit la même chose: cette date est violente mais elle fonde bien aussi la vérité de notre liaison." The whole story of friendship is told in these lines,--a friendship which during forty years had been undarkened by a cloud, and had remained unstaled by custom. The relation was equally sincere on the part of Mme. de La Fayette, though she was by nature more self-contained and reserved. But this reserve gives way to the strength of her feelings when in 1691, tormented by ill-health and knowing that her end is not far off, she writes to Mme. de Sévigné: "Croyez, ma très-chère, que vous êtes la personne du monde que j'ai le plus véritablement aimée."
Mme. de La Fayette was in her time a mild précieuse, having been introduced at an early age into the society of the H?tel de Rambouillet. No one could pass through such a society with impunity, says Boissier; but Mme. de La Fayette seems to have escaped very lightly. For, although in her earlier works the précieuse influence is everywhere felt, yet all traces of such influence disappear in La Princesse de Clèves.
Auger tells us gravely that Mme. de La Fayette found the reading of the Latin poets a safeguard from the bad taste and extravagance of the Rambouillet coterie. But the same safeguard should have proved effectual in case of Ménage first of all, says Sainte-Beuve, who then gives the true relation of Mme de La Fayette to the H?tel de Rambouillet: "Mme. de La Fayette, qui avait l'esprit solide et fin, s'en tira à la manière de Mme. de Sévigné, en n'en prenant que le meilleur."
After the breaking-up of the H?tel de Rambouillet, there were formed various smaller coteries, among which that of Mme. de La Fayette was by no means the least important. From her little circle of précieuses, Mme. de La Fayette was drawn to the Court of Louis XIV. chiefly through the friendship of "Madame," the Princess Henrietta of England. This unfortunate princess had passed her exiled youth in the convent of Chaillot; and Mme. de La Fayette, going thither on frequent visits to a kinswoman, was drawn into intimacy with the young girl, who must even then have given evidence of those charms which later made her brief reign at Court as brilliant as it was unhappy. When the young princess had become the sister-in-law of the King and the idol of the young Court, she remained steadfast in her love for the friend who had cheered her lonely convent life; and thus Mme. de La Fayette came at the age of thirty to be one of the company that gathered around Madame at Fontainebleau and Saint-Cloud,--"spectatrice plut?t qu'agissante," says Sainte-Beuve. For Mme. de La Fayette, though belonging wholly to the young Court, took no part in the intrigues and factions of the royal household. It is this Court life, which, under guise of that of Henry II., is described in La Princesse de Clèves: "There were so many interests and so many intrigues in which women took part that love was always mingled with politics and politics with love. No one was calm or indifferent; every one sought to rise, to please, to serve, or to injure; every one was taken up with pleasure or intrigue.... All the different cliques were separated by rivalry or envy. Then, too, the women who belonged to each one of them, were jealous of one another, either about their chances of advancement, or about their lovers; often, too, their interests were complicated by other pettier, but no less important, questions."
It was in the arms of Mme. de La Fayette that Madame, her brief day of splendor over, fell into that strange slumber the wakening of which was to be so horrible; and it was Mme. de La Fayette who soothed the princess in those last hours, the torture of which drew tears even from the heart of Louis. M. Anatole France says that he suspects Mme. de La Fayette of having hated the King. Perhaps she did; for resentment at the fate of her friend and mistress was natural. True it is, however, that Louis showed more than once his deep respect for the woman who had seen him in his one moment of remorse at the bedside of the dying princess.
After the death of Madame, her faithful friend withdrew more and more from the Court, into the seclusion and quiet of her little band of chosen friends, urged partly by her distaste for Court life and partly by her increasing ill-health. But her society was still much sought after; for a