Lee. The Surrender. Assassination of President Lincoln. Johnston Grounds Arms. Capture of Jefferson Davis.
* CHAPTER IX. THE WAR ON THE SEA
Classification of Naval Deeds. Our Navy when the War Began. Enlargement. Blockading. Difficulty and Success. Alternate Tediousness and Excitement. Blockade-running Tactics. Expeditions to Aid the Blockade. To Port Royal. To Roanoke Island. Confederate Navy. The Merrimac. Sinks the Cumberland, Burns the Congress. Monitor and Merrimac. An Era in Naval Architecture and Warfare. Operations before Charleston. The Atlanta. The Albemarle. Blown Up by Cushing. Farragut in Mobile Harbor. Fort Fisher Taken. Southern Cruisers upon the High Seas. Destructive. The Sumter. The Alabama. Her Career. Fights the Kearsarge. Sinks.
* CHAPTER X. FOREIGN RELATIONS. FINANCE. EMANCIPATION.
Views of the War Abroad. England's Hostility. Causes. The Trent Affair. Seward's Reasoning. Great Britain's Breach of Neutrality. Louis Napoleon's Hypocrisy. Invasion of Mexico. Maximilian. War Expenditure. How Met. Duties. Internal Revenue. Loans. Bonds. Treasury Notes. Treasurer's Report, July 1, 1865. Errors of War Financiering. Confederate Finances. High Prices at South. Problem of the Slave in Union Lines. "Contraband of War." Rendition by United States Officers. Arguments for Emancipation. Congressional Legislation. Abolition in District of Columbia. Negro Soldiers. Preliminary Proclamation. Final Effects. Mr. Lincoln's Difficulties. Republican Opposition. Abolitionist. Democratic. Copperhead. Yet he is Re-elected.
* CHAPTER XI. RECONSTRUCTION
Delicacy of the Task. Reasons. The Main Constitutional Question. Different Views. The Other Questions. Answer. Periods of Reconstruction. During War. President Lincoln. Johnson. His Policy. Carried Out. Congress Rips up his Work. Why. South's Attitude just after War. Toward Negroes. XIVth Amendment. Rejected by Southern States. Iron Law of 1867. Carried through. Antagonism between President Johnson and Congress. Attempt to Impeach Johnson. Fails.
PERIOD V
THE CEMENTED UNION
1868-1888
* CHAPTER I. POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE LAST TWO DECADES
Grant's First Election. His Work During Reconstruction. Its Difficulty. Bayonet Rule in the South. The Force Act. Danger to State Independence. "Liberal Republican" Movement. The Greeley Campaign, 1872. Grant again Elected. Fresh Turmoil at the South. Culminates in Louisiana. Blood Shed. The Kellogg Government Sustained in that State. A Solid South. The Election of 1876. In Doubt. The Returns. The Electoral Commission of 1877. Hayes Seated. The Electoral Count Act, 1886. Hayes's Administration. End of the Bayonet Regime. Garfield's Nomination. And Election. And Assassination. The Guiteau Trial. Civil Service Reform. Under Grant. Under Hayes. Need of it. Credit Mobilier Scandal. The Pendleton Act Passed. Its Nature and Operation. Recovery of Power by the Democracy. Election of Cleveland. The Civil Service. Presidential Succession Act of 1886. Its Necessity. And Provisions.
* CHAPTER II. THE TREATY OF WASHINGTON. 237
A Shining Instance of Peaceful International Methods. Earlier Negotiations. "ALABAMA CLAIMS" Insisted on. A Joint Commission. Its Personnel. A Treaty Drafted and Ratified. Its Provisions. Northwest Boundary Question. Minor Claims. The Alabama Claims. Geneva Tribunal. Personnel. No Pay for Indirect Losses. Importance of the Case. The Three Rules of the Washington Treaty. Position of Great Britain Relative to These. Their Meaning. An Advance in International Law. The Other Cruisers. The Award. Charles Francis Adams. The Money Paid. Its History.
* CHAPTER III. THE FISHERIES DISPUTE.
Fishery Clause of the Treaty of 1783. Value of the Rights it Conveyed. Effect of War of 1812. Convention of 1818. Its Fateful Provisions. Troubles in Consequence. The Reciprocity of 1854. Repeal in 1865. New Troubles. Reciprocity by Treaty of Washington, from 1871. Repealed in 1885. Why Friction in 1886. Strict Enforcement by Canada of Convention of 1818. Severities. Their Animus. Pleas of the United States Government. Threat of Retaliation. Commission to Draft New Treaty. Indecisive Result. Northwestern Fisheries Question Settled.
* CHAPTER IV. THE SOUTH.
The Results of Congressional Reconstruction. Restoration of White Rule. Ku-Klux-Klan. Improvement. Loyalty at the South. Prosperity. Cotton. Manufacturing. Iron. Marble. Southern Cities. Country Parts. State of Florida.
* CHAPTER V. THE WEST.
New States and Territories. Alaska. Its Resources. Both Sides of the Rockies Filling Up. Pacific Railways. Colorado. California. Great American Desert. Tabular View of the West's Growth. Western Cities. Minnesota. St. Paul, Minneapolis, Duluth. Duluth and Chicago. Statistics of Immigration.
* CHAPTER VI. THE EXPOSITION OF 1876.
Origin of the Plan. Organization. Financial Basis. Conclusion to Make it a World Affair. To be at Philadelphia. Building. Opening Exercises. The Main Building. Arrangement and Contents. The American Exhibit. Machinery Hall. The Corliss Engine. Agricultural Hall. Memorial Hall. The Art Exhibit. Horticultural Hall. Minor Arrangements and Structures. The Fourth of July Celebration. Original Copy of the Declaration of Independence Read. Interest in the Philadelphia Exposition.
* CHAPTER VII. ECONOMIC POLITICS
Reduction of National Debt. Refunding. Surplus. Tariff. Its History since the War. Policy of the Political Parties. Tariffs of 1890 and 1894. Trusts. The Dollar of the Fathers. Resumption of Specie Payments. The Promissory Greenback. Fiat Greenback Theory. And Party. Great Strike of 1877. Labor Movement and Labor Question. Corporations. Their Evil Influence. Counter-organizations. Growth of our Urban Population.
* CHAPTER VIII. THE MARCH OF INDUSTRY.
Progress in Cotton Manufacturing. In Woollen, Iron, and
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