History of the Negro Race in America from 1619 to 1880. Vol. 2 | Page 5

employ Negroes as Soldiers.--Jefferson Davis refers to the Subject in his Message, and the Confederate Congress orders All Negroes captured to be turned over to the State Authorities, and raises the "Black Flag" upon White Officers commanding Negro Soldiers.--The New York Press calls upon the Government to protect its Negro Soldiers.--Secretary Stanton's Action.--The President's Order.--Correspondence between Gen. Peck and Gen. Pickett in Regard to the Killing of a Colored Man after he had surrendered at the Battle of Newbern.--Southern Press on the Capture and Treatment of Negro Soldiers.--The Rebels refuse to exchange Negro Soldiers captured on Morris and James Islands on Account of the Order of the Confederate Congress which required them to be turned over to the Authorities of the Several States.--Jefferson Davis issues a Proclamation outlawing Gen. B. F. Butler.--He is to be hung without Trial by any Confederate Officer who may capture him.--The Battle of Fort Pillow.--The Gallant Defence by the Little Band of Union Troops.--It refuses to capitulate and is assaulted and captured by an Overwhelming Force.--The Union Troops butchered in Cold Blood.--The Wounded are carried into Houses which are fired and burned with their Helpless Victims.--Men are nailed to the Outside of Buildings through their Hands and Feet and burned alive.--The Wounded and Dying are brained where they lay in their Ebbing Blood.--The Outrages are renewed in the Morning.--Dead and Living find a Common Sepulchre in the Trench.--General Chalmers orders the Killing of a Negro Child.--Testimony of the Few Union Soldiers who were enabled to crawl out of the Gilt-Edge, Fire-Proof Hell at Pillow.--They give a Sickening Account of the Massacre before the Senate Committee on the Conduct of the War.--Gen. Forrest's Futile Attempt to destroy the Record of his Foul Crime.--Fort Pillow Massacre without a Parallel in History 350
Part 8.
THE FIRST DECADE OF FREEDOM.
CHAPTER XXI.
RECONSTRUCTION--MISCONSTRUCTION. 1865-1875.
The War over, Peace restored, and the Nation cleansed of a Plague.--slavery gives Place to a Long Train of Events.--Unsettled Condition of Affairs at the South.--The Absence of Legal Civil Government necessitates the Establishment of Provisional Military Government.--An Act establishing a Bureau for Refugees and Abandoned Lands.--Congressional Methods for the Reconstruction of the South.--Gen. U. S. Grant carries these States in 1868 and 1872.--Both Branches of the Legislatures in all the Southern States contain Negro Members.--The Errors of Reconstruction chargeable to both Sections of the Country 377
CHAPTER XXII.
THE RESULTS OF EMANCIPATION.
The Apparent Idleness of the Negro Sporadic rather than Generic.--He quietly settles down to Work.--The Government makes Ample Provisions for his Educational and Social Improvement.--The Marvellous Progress made by the People of the South in Education.--Earliest School for Freedmen at Fortress Monroe in 1861.--The Richmond Institute for Colored Youth.--The Unlimited Desire of the Negroes to obtain an Education.--General Order organizing a "Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands."--Gen. O. O. Howard appointed Commissioner of the Bureau.--Report of all the Receipts and Expenditures of the Freedman's Bureau from 1865-1867.--An Act Incorporating the Freedman's Savings Bank and Trust Company.--The Business of the Company as shown from 1866-1871.--Financial Statement by the Trustees for 1872.--Failure of the Bank.--The Social and Financial Condition of the Colored People in the South.--The Negro rarely receives Justice in Southern Courts.--Treatment of Negroes as Convicts in Southern Prisons.--Increase of the Colored People from 1790-1880.--Negroes susceptible of the Highest Civilization 384
CHAPTER XXIII.
REPRESENTATIVE COLORED MEN.
Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution.--The Legal Destruction of Slavery and a Constitutional Prohibition.--Fifteenth Amendment granting Manhood Suffrage to the American Negro.--President Grant's Special Message upon the Subject.--Universal Rejoicing among the Colored People.--The Negro in the United States Senate and House of Representatives.--The Negro in the Diplomatic Service of the Country.--Frederick Douglass--His Birth, Enslavement, Escape to the North, and Life as a Freeman.--Becomes an Anti-slavery Orator.--Goes to Great Britain.--Returns to America.--Establishes the "North Star."--His Eloquence, Influence, and Brilliant Career.--Richard Theodore Greener.--His Early Life, Education, and Successful Literary Career.--John P. Green.--His Early Struggles to obtain an Education.--A Successful Orator, Lawyer, and Useful Legislator.--Other Representative Colored Men.--Representative Colored Women 419
CHAPTER XXIV.
THE AFRICAN METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.
Its Origin, Growth, Organization, and Excellent Influence.--Its Publishing House, Periodicals, and Papers.--Its Numerical and Financial Strength.--Its Missionary and Educational Spirit.--Wilberforce University 452
CHAPTER XXV.
THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.
Founding of the M. E. Church of America in 1768.--Negro Servants and Slaves among the First Contributors to the Erection of the First Chapel in New York.--The Rev. Harry Hosier the First Negro Preacher in the M. E. Church in America.--His Remarkable Eloquence as a Pulpit Orator.--Early Prohibition against Slave-holding in the M. E. Church.--Strength of the Churches and Sunday-schools of the Colored Members in the M. E. Church.--The Rev. Marshall W. Taylor, D.D.--His Ancestors.--His Early Life and Struggles for an Education.--He Teaches School in Kentucky.--His Experiences as a Teacher.--Is ordained to the Gospel Ministry and becomes a Preacher and Missionary Teacher.--His Settlement as Pastor in Indiana and Ohio.--Is given the Title of Doctor of Divinity by the Tennessee College.--His