Gold, Sport, and Coffee Planting in Mysore | Page 6

profits that may be expected from good, well-managed estates. The
great want of a Game Preservation Act.

CHAPTER X.
--COFFEE PLANTING IN MYSORE.
An agreeable life for an active intelligent man who must work
somewhere.
Qualities necessary to make a successful planter.
The work not hard. The climate agreeable and healthy. The elevation of
the coffee districts above sea level.
The changes that may be taken in the slack season by planters. The
durability of well-shaded plantations.
Shaded plantations a very permanent property. The profits of coffee.
Case of an estate bought with borrowed money.
Analysis of yield, expenses, and profits on a Manjarabad estate.
Probable profits on estates in the northern part of Mysore.

From want of information coffee plantations in Mysore not saleable at
good prices. Failure of coffee in Ceylon. This gave coffee generally an
undeservedly bad name.
Early notices of coffee in India. Its early history in Mysore.
Failure of the variety of coffee first introduced.
The successful introduction of the Coorg variety of coffee.
Mysore coffee fetches the highest price in the London market. Original
Mysore coffee land tenures.
The new Coffee Land Rules introduced in 1885.
In the south of Mysore all coffee land probably taken up. In north, land
reported to be still available. Planters well satisfied with the
Government.
Advances to labourers. Legislation as regards them much needed.
Proposed measure to meet the advances to labourers difficulty.
Legislation required to amend the extraditions laws.
The New Cattle Trespass Act. The want of a Wild Birds' Protection Act.
The neglect of game preservation.
In consequence of game destruction tigers forced to prey heavily on
village cattle. Great losses in consequence.
Cruelty of native hunters. Evidences of extermination of game birds.
The want of a Government Agricultural Chemist. The discovery of a
new hybrid coffee plant.
Enormous yield from it.

CHAPTER XI.
--SHADE.
General remarks on the importance of shade.
The governing principle as regards shade for coffee.
The most desirable kinds of shade trees. Those of less desirable kinds.
The Jack. Its merits and defects.
The Attí. Good when young, less desirable when old.
The Noga. The objections to relying on this tree.
Other kinds of less desirable shade trees.
_Albizzia Moluccana._ Said to be a valuable tree for shade.
Methods adopted when forming a shaded plantation.
Great advantages of clearing without burning the forest.

The order in which shade trees should be planted.
The young shade trees require shade. The charcoal tree a good nurse.
The management of young shade trees.
The evils arising from excessive trimming of side branches of shade
trees. Planting under the shade of the original forest trees.
The value of leaving marginal belts of forest. The danger of a running
fire.
The quantity of shade required for varying aspects and gradients.
The great differences between northern and southern aspects as regards
heat.
Western and eastern aspects.
Importance of attending to the gradients, the quality of the soil, and its
exposure to drying winds.
Elevation and rainfall govern quantity of shade that should be kept. The
thinning, and lopping lower boughs of shade trees.
Much knowledge and experience required in judicious thinning.
More shade will be required as trees become lofty.
Importance of at once planting up spots where shade is deficient, in
order to keep out the Borer insect.
Planting out young shade trees. The removal of parasites from shade
trees.
Preparation of shade tree cuttings before planting out. How to grow
young charcoal-tree plants. Valuable as nurses.

CHAPTER XII.
--MANURE.
How shade complicates the economical and effective manuring of
coffee.
Bulk manures as a rule should not be applied to land directly under
shade trees, but to more open spaces.
Less manure should be applied to coffee directly under shade trees.
Manure should be varied on different aspects. The quantity that should
be annually supplied.
Bones may be seldom used if lime is regularly applied.
A considerable amount of manure required even though the loss from
crops is small.

A test of land being sufficiently supplied with manure. The quantity of
manure probably required.
The quantity of manure that should be put down at a time.
Danger from over-manuring, especially in ease of light soils.
Ridges should be more heavily manured than hollows. The time of year
when manures should be applied.
Advantages of manuring at the end of the monsoon.
Bearing that the time of applying manures has on leaf disease. Mr.
Marshall Ward's remarks as to this.
The various methods of applying manures.
In the case of steep land the manure should be buried in trenches.
Farmyard manure. Its great value for coffee.
Substitutes for farmyard manure.
Value of forest land top soil as a manure, and as a substitute for
farmyard manure.
The comparative cost of farmyard manure and top soil. Remarkable
result