Galba | Page 6

advanced in years. He condemned some men of the first rank in the
senatorian and equestrian orders, upon a very slight suspicion, and
without trial. He rarely granted the freedom of the city to any one; and
the privilege belonging to such as had three children, only to one or two;

and that with great difficulty, and only for a limited time. When the
judges petitioned to have a sixth decury added to their number, he not
only denied them, but abolished the vacation which had been granted
them by Claudius for the winter, and the beginning of the year.
XV. It was thought that he likewise intended to reduce the offices held
by senators and men of the equestrian order, to a term of two years'
continuance; and to bestow them only on those who were unwilling to
accept them, and had refused them. All the grants of Nero he recalled,
saving only the tenth part of them. For this purpose he gave a
commission to fifty Roman knights; with orders, that if players or
wrestlers had sold what had been formerly given them, it should be
exacted from the purchasers, since the others, having, no doubt, spent
the money, were not in a condition to pay. But on the other hand, he
suffered his attendants and freedmen to sell or give away the revenue of
the state, or immunities from taxes, and to punish the innocent, or
pardon criminals, at pleasure. Nay, when the Roman people were very
clamorous for the punishment of Halotus and Tigellinus, two of the
(411) most mischievous amongst all the emissaries of Nero, he
protected them, and even bestowed on Halotus one of the best
procurations in his disposal. And as to Tigellinus, he even reprimanded
the people for their cruelty by a proclamation.
XVI. By this conduct, he incurred the hatred of all orders of the people,
but especially of the soldiery. For their commanders having promised
them in his name a donative larger than usual, upon their taking the
oath to him before his arrival at Rome; he refused to make it good,
frequently bragging, "that it was his custom to choose his soldiers, not
buy them." Thus the troops became exasperated against him in all
quarters. The pretorian guards he alarmed with apprehensions of danger
and unworthy treatment; disbanding many of them occasionally as
disaffected to his government, and favourers of Nymphidius. But most
of all, the army in Upper Germany was incensed against him, as being
defrauded of the rewards due to them for the service they had rendered
in the insurrection of the Gauls under Vindex. They were, therefore, the
first who ventured to break into open mutiny, refusing upon the calends
[the 1st] of January, to take any oath of allegiance, except to the senate;
and they immediately dispatched deputies to the pretorian troops, to let
them know, "they did not like the emperor who had been set up in

Spain," and to desire that "they would make choice of another, who
might meet with the approbation of all the armies."
XVII. Upon receiving intelligence of this, imagining that he was
slighted not so much on account of his age, as for having no children,
he immediately singled out of a company of young persons of rank,
who came to pay their compliments to him, Piso Frugi Licinianus, a
youth of noble descent and great talents, for whom he had before
contracted such a regard, that he had appointed him in his will the heir
both of his estate and name. Him he now styled his son, and taking him
to the camp, adopted him in the presence of the assembled troops, but
without making any mention of a donative. This circumstance afforded
the better opportunity to Marcus Salvius Otho of accomplishing his
object, six days after the adoption.
XVIII. Many remarkable prodigies had happened from the (412) very
beginning of his reign, which forewarned him of his approaching fate.
In every town through which he passed in his way from Spain to Rome,
victims were slain on the right and left of the roads; and one of these,
which was a bull, being maddened with the stroke of the axe, broke the
rope with which it was tied, and running straight against his chariot,
with his fore-feet elevated, bespattered him with blood. Likewise, as he
was alighting, one of the guard, being pushed forward by the crowd,
had very nearly wounded him with his lance. And upon his entering the
city and, afterwards, the palace, he was welcomed with an earthquake,
and a noise like the bellowing of cattle. These signs of ill-fortune were
followed by some that were still more apparently such. Out of all his
treasures he had selected a necklace of pearls and jewels, to