Essays On Work And Culture | Page 2

but he must not
try to live a whole life, or work his nature out on all sides, under
penalty of public suspicion and disapproval. If a Pericles were to
appear among us, he would be discredited by the very qualities which
made him the foremost public man of his time among the most
intelligent and gifted people who have yet striven to solve the problems
of life. If Michelangelo came among us, he would be compelled to
repress his tremendous energy or face the suspicion of the critical mind
of the age; it is not permitted a man, in these days, to excel in painting,
sculpture, architecture, and sonnet-writing. If, in addition, such a man
were to exhibit moral qualities of a very unusual order, he would
deepen the suspicion that he was not playing the game of life fairly; for
there are those who have so completely broken life into fragments that
they not only deny the possibility of the possession of the ability to do
more than one thing well, but the existence of any kind of connection
between character and achievement.
Man is not only a fragment, but the world is a mass of unrelated parts;
religion, science, morals, and art moving in little spheres of their own,
without the possibility of contact. The arts were born at the foot of the
altar, as we are sometimes reminded; but let the artist beware how he
entertains religious ideas or emotions to-day; to suggest that art and
morals have any interior relation is, in certain circles, to awaken pity
that one's knowledge of these things is still so rudimentary. The scholar
must beware of the graces of style; if, like the late Master of Balliol, he
makes a translation so touched with distinction and beauty that it is
likely to become a classic in the language in which it is newly lodged,
there are those who look askance at his scholarship; for knowledge, to
be pure and genuine, must be rude, slovenly, and barbarous in
expression. The religious teacher may master the principles of his faith,
but let him beware how he applies them to the industrial or social
conditions of society. If he ventures to make this dangerous experiment,
he is promptly warned that he is encroaching on the territory of the
economist and sociologist. The artist must not permit himself to care
for truth, because it has come to be understood in some quarters that he
is concerned with beauty, and with beauty alone. To assume that there
is any unity in life, any connection between character and achievement,

any laws of growth which operate in all departments and in all men, is
to discredit one's intelligence and jeopardise one's influence. One field
and one tool to each man seems to be the maxim of this divisive
philosophy--if that can be called a philosophy which discards unity as a
worn-out metaphysical conception, and separates not only men but the
arts, occupations, and skills from each other by impassable gulfs.
Versatility is often a treacherous ease, which leads the man who
possesses it into fields where he has no sure footing because he has no
first-hand knowledge, and therefore no real power; and against this
tendency, so prevalent in this country, the need of concentration must
continually be urged. The great majority of men lack the abounding
vitality which must find a variety of channels to give it free movement.
But the danger which besets some men ought not to be made a
limitation for men of superior strength; it ought not to be used as a
barrier to keep back those whose inward impulse drives them forward,
not in one but in many directions. Above all, the limitations of a class
ought not to be made the basis of a conception of life which divides its
activities by hard and fast lines, and tends, by that process of hardening
which shows itself in every field of thought or work, to make men tools
and machines instead of free, creative forces in society.
A man of original power can never be confined within the limits of a
single field of interest and activity, nor can he ever be content to bear
the marks and use the skill of a single occupation. He cannot pour his
whole force into one channel; there is always a reserve of power
beyond the demands of the work which he has in hand at the moment.
Wherever he may find his place and whatever work may come to his
hand, he must always be aware of the larger movement of life which
incloses his special task; and he must have the consciousness of direct
relation with that central power of which all activities are inadequate
manifestations. To a man of this temper