Electricity for Boys | Page 6

hereafter.
You can also, probably, get a small, cheap anvil, which will be of the
greatest service in your work. It should be mounted close up to the
work bench. Two small hammers, one with an A-shaped peon, and the
other with a round peon, should be selected, and also a plane and a
small wood saw with fine teeth. A bit stock, or a ratchet drill, if you can
afford it, with a variety of small drills; two wood chisels, say of
3/8-inch and 3/4-inch widths; small cold chisels; hack saw, 10-inch
blade; small iron square; pair of dividers; tin shears; wire cutters; 2
pairs of pliers, one flat and the other round-nosed; 2 awls, centering
punch, wire cutters, and, finally, soldering tools.
[Illustration: Fig. 2. Top View MAGNET-WINDING REEL]
[Illustration: Fig. 3. Side View MAGNET-WINDING REEL]
If a gas stove is not available, a brazing torch is an essential tool.
Numerous small torches are being made, which are cheap and easily
operated. A small soldering iron, with pointed end, should be provided;
also metal shears and a small square; an awl and several sizes of
gimlets; a screwdriver; pair of pliers and wire cutters.
From the foregoing it will be seen that the cost of tools is not a very
expensive item.
This entire outfit, not including the anvil and vise, may be purchased
new for about $20.00, so we have not been extravagant.
MAGNET-WINDING REEL.--Some little preparation must be made,

so we may be enabled to handle our work by the construction of
mechanical aids.
[Illustration: Fig. 4. Journal Block.]
First of these is the magnet-winding reel, a plan view of which is
shown in Fig. 2. This, for our present work, will be made wholly of
wood.
Select a plank 1-1/2 inches thick and 8 inches wide, and from this cut
off two pieces (A), each 7 inches long, and then trim off the corners (B,
B), as shown in Fig. 4. To serve as the mandrel (C, Fig. 2), select a
piece of broomstick 9 inches long. Bore a hole (D) in each block (A) a
half inch below the upper margin of the block, this hole being of such
diameter that the broomstick mandrel will fit and easily turn therein.
Place a crank (E), 5 inches long, on the outer end of the mandrel, as in
Fig. 3. Then mount one block on the end of the bench and the other
block 3 inches away. Affix them to the bench by nails or screws,
preferably the latter.
On the inner end of the mandrel put a block (F) of hard wood. This is
done by boring a hole 1 inch deep in the center of the block, into which
the mandrel is driven. On the outer face of the block is a square hole
large enough to receive the head of a 3/8-inch bolt, and into the
depression thus formed a screw (G) is driven through the block and into
the end of the mandrel, so as to hold the block (F) and mandrel firmly
together. When these parts are properly put together, the inner side of
the block will rest and turn against the inner journal block (A).
The tailpiece is made of a 2" × 4" scantling (H), 10 inches long, one
end of it being nailed to a transverse block (I) 2" × 2" × 4". The inner
face of this block has a depression in which is placed a V-shaped cup
(J), to receive the end of the magnet core (K) or bolt, which is to be
used for this purpose. The tailpiece (H) has a longitudinal slot (L) 5
inches long adapted to receive a 1/2-inch bolt (M), which passes down
through the bench, and is, therefore, adjustable, so it may be moved to
and from the journal bearing (A), thereby providing a place for the

bolts to be put in. These bolts are the magnet cores (K), 6 inches long,
but they may be even longer, if you bore several holes (N) through the
bench so you may set over the tailpiece.
With a single tool made substantially like this, over a thousand of the
finest magnets have been wound. Its value will be appreciated after you
have had the experience of winding a few magnets.
ORDER IN THE WORKSHOP.--Select a place for each tool on the
rear upright of the bench, and make it a rule to put each tool back into
its place after using. This, if persisted in, will soon become a habit, and
will save you hours of time. Hunting for tools is the unprofitable part of
any work.
CHAPTER III
MAGNETS, COILS, ARMATURES, ETC.
THE TWO KINDS OF MAGNET.--Generally speaking, magnets are
of two kinds, namely, permanent and electro-magnetic.
PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a