Division of Words | Page 4

accommodator accumulator actor adjudicator adjutor
administrator admonitor adulator adulterator aggregator aggressor
agitator amalgamator animator annotator antecessor apparitor
appreciator arbitrator assassinator assessor benefactor bettor calculator
calumniator captor castor (_oil_) censor coadjutor collector competitor
compositor conductor confessor conqueror conservator consignor
conspirator constrictor constructor contaminator contemplator
continuator contractor contributor corrector councillor counsellor
covenantor (_law_) creator creditor cultivator cunctator debtor
decorator delator (_law_) denominator denunciator depredator
depressor deteriorator detractor dictator dilator director dissector
disseizor disseminator distributor divisor dominator donor effector
elector elevator elucidator emulator enactor equivocator escheator
estimator exactor excavator exceptor executor (_law_) exhibitor
explorator expositor expostulator extensor extirpator extractor
fabricator factor flexor fornicator fumigator generator gladiator
governor grantor (_law_) habitator imitator impostor impropriator

inaugurator inceptor incisor inheritor initiator innovator insinuator
institutor instructor interlocutor interpolator interrogator inventor
investor juror lector legator legislator lessor mediator modulator
monitor mortgagor (_law_) multiplicator narrator navigator negotiator
nonjuror numerator objector obligor (_law_) observator operator
originator pacificator participator peculator percolator perforator
perpetrator persecutor perturbator possessor preceptor precursor
predecessor predictor prevaricator procrastinator procreator procurator
professor progenitor projector prolocutor promulgator propagator
propitiator proprietor prosecutor protector protractor purveyor
recognizor (_law_) recriminator reflector regenerator regulator relator
(_law_) rotator sacrificator sailor (_seaman_) scrutator sculptor sectator
selector senator separator sequestrator servitor solicitor spectator
spoliator sponsor successor suitor supervisor suppressor surveyor
survivor testator tormentor traitor transgressor translator valuator
vendor (_law_) venerator ventilator vindicator violator visitor
IV
Words which in their shortest form end in _-d_, _-de_, _-ge_, _-unit_,
_-rt_, _-se_, _-sr_, take the ending _-sion_; e.g., abscind, _abscission_;
include, _inclusion_; emerge, _emersion_; remit, _remission_; infuse,
_infusion_; repress, repression.
All others take the ending _-tion_.
The following are irregularities:
adhesion assertion attention coercion cohesion crucifixion declension
dimension dissension distortion divulsion expulsion impulsion insertion
intention occasion propulsion recursion repulsion revulsion scansion
suspicion tension version
Words ending in _-ance_, _-ence_; _-ancy_, _-ency_; _-ant_, and
_-ent_, often cause confusion when carelessly written.
The following is a list of the more common words with the e form.

abducent abhorrence, -ent abluent absent, -ence absorbent abstergent
abstinence, -ent adherence, -ent advertency, -ent affluence, -ent
antecedence, -ent apparent appertinent appetence, -ency ardent
benevolence, -ent circumference coexistence coherence, -ent
coincidence, -ent competence, -ent concurrence, -ent condolence
conference confidence, -ent confluence, -ent consentient consequence
consequent consistence, -ent consistency constituent continence, -ent
convenience, -ent corpulence, -ent correspondence, -ent currency, -ent
deference delinquency, -ent dependence, -ent deponent descendent
(_adj._) despondency, -ent difference diffidence, -ent diffluent
efficiency, -ent eminence, -ency eminent excellence, -ency excellent
existence, -ent expediency feculence, -ent flocculence, -ent fluency,
-ent fraudulence, -ent imminence, -ent impatience, -ent impellent
imprudence, -ent impudence, -ent incipience, -ent incumbency, -ent
independence, -ent indolence, -ent inference inherence, -ent
intermittent iridescence, -ent lambent latency, -ent leniency, -ent
magniloquence, -ent malevolence, -ent mellifluence, -ent mollient
obedience, -ent occurrence, -ent omniscience, -ent opulence, -ency
opulent patience, -ent pendent (_adj._) pendency penitence, -ent
permanence, -ent permanency pertinence, -ent pestilence, -ent poculent
portent potency, -ent precedence, -ent preference prescience, -ent
presence, -ent presidency, -ent proficiency, -ent prominence, -ent
proponent providence, -ent prudence, -ent purulence, -ent quintessence
recurrence, -ent reference refluence, -ent repellent residence, -ency
resident resolvent resplendence, -ent respondent reverence, -ent sentient
solvency, -ent somnolency, -ent subserviency, -ent subsidence, -ency
subsistence, -ent succulent superintendence superintendency
superintendent tendence, -ency transcendence, -ent transcendency
transference transient transparency, -ent transplendency, -ent
turbulence, -ent vicegerency, -ent virulence, -ent
Nearly all other words of this type take the a form.
* * * * *
The instructor should drill the pupils in spelling not only these "catch"
words, but a wide range of English words. These lessons may be taken

to advantage from some of the books mentioned in the list for
supplementary reading, from any other good spelling book, or even
from the pages of any well printed book or magazine. The words
should be given out orally and written down by the pupil. A good
exercise is the reading of a paragraph from any good book, or some
stanza of poetry, the passage read to be taken down by the pupil with
care to spell, punctuate, and capitalize properly.
A number of topics sometimes treated under the head of spelling will
be found discussed in the "Printer's Manual of Style" (No. 41).

PRONUNCIATION
The English language is a difficult one to pronounce as well as to spell.
This arises from two causes. The English language has some sounds
not generally found in other languages, such as w and th. As has
already been pointed out, the alphabet fits the language very badly.
Careful lexicographers indicate no less than seven sounds of a, five of e,
three of i, four of o and six of u, as shown in the following table:
[=a] as in [=a]le [Ia] as in sen[Ia]te [)a] as in [)a]m á as in ásk [a:] as in
[a:]ll ä as in fäther (a) as in fin(a)l
[=e] as in [=e]ve [)e] as in [)e]nd [Ie] as in ev[Ie]nt [~e] as