Civil Government for Common Schools | Page 6

justices of sessions?
Q. Who are the school commissioners?
TOWN AUDITORS.
By laws of 1878, 1879 and 1880, the following-named counties are exempt from electing "town auditors," as prescribed on page 13: Wayne, Delaware, Allegany, Oneida, Cayuga, Erie, St. Lawrence, Schuyler, Rockland, Orange, Sullivan, Columbia, Broome, Lewis, Madison, Wyoming, Queens, Jefferson, Fulton, Oswego, Suffolk, Onondaga, Saratoga, Ontario, Yates, Rensselaer, Genesee, Schenectady, Monroe, Livingston, Otsego, Schoharie, Niagara and Orleans.
A TABLE
Showing the salaries of the several county judges and surrogates of the State of New York at the present time, as established by the statutes of 1877 and 1880:
COUNTIES. JUDGE. SURROGATE. New York, ------- $12,000 Kings, $10,000 10,000 Erie, 5,000 4,000 Albany, 4,500 4,000 Westchester, 4,500 4,000 Onondaga, 4,000 4,000 Oneida, 4,000 4,000 Monroe, 4,000 4,000 Rensselaer, 3,500 3,500 Saratoga, 3,000 2,500 Ulster, 3,000 3,000 Dutchess, 3,000 3,000 Queens, 2,500 3,000 Chautauqua, 2,000 1,600 Cayuga, 2,000 2,000 Columbia, 2,000 2,500 Ontario, 2,000 1,500 Cattaraugus, 1,500 1,500 Oswego, 1,500 1,500 Jefferson, 1,500 1,500 Niagara, 1,500 1,500 Orange, 1,500 2,500 Otsego, 1,800 1,500 St. Lawrence, 1,750 1,750 Washington, 1,200 1,500 Suffolk, 1,000 1,500
The following are counties in which county judges act as surrogates, receiving the one salary for both offices;
$2,000 Salary
Franklin, Greene, Rockland, Schenectady, Warren, Wayne, Delaware Orleans,
$3,000 Salary
Broome, Chemung, Chenango, Herkimer, Livingston, Madison, Clinton,
$3,500 Salary
Richmond, Steuben,
$2,500 Salary
Cortland, Essex, Genesee, Schoharie,
$2,500 Salary
Tioga, Tompkins, Wyoming, Montgomery,
$1,500 Salary
Putnam, Schuyler, Yates,
$1,750 Salary
Allegany,
$2,250 Salary
Fulton,
$1,200 Salary
Sullivan, Lewis,
$1,000 Salary
Seneca,
$800 Salary
Hamilton,

V.--THE CITY.
Q. What is a city?
Q. By what authority organized?
A. By an act of the legislative.
Q. What instrument defines its powers?
A. A charter.
Q. What are the divisions of a city called?
A. Wards.
Q. Name the cities in New York State, when incorporated, and the number of wards in each?
Answer:
Pop. in 1800 New York, 1680, has 24 wards, 1,206,590 Brooklyn, 1834, has 25 wards, 566,689 Buffalo, 1832, has 13 wards, 155,137 Albany, 1832, has 16 wards, 90,903 Rochester, 1686, has 16 wards, 89,363 Troy, 1816, has 13 wards, 56,747 Syracuse, 1847, has 8 wards, 51,791 Utica, 1832, has 12 wards, 33,913 Auburn, 1848, has 7 wards, 21,924 Oswego, 1848, has 8 wards, 21,117 Elmira, 1864, has 7 wards, 20,541 Poughkeepsie 1854, has 6 wards, 20,207 Cohoes, 1869, has 4 wards, 19,417 Yonkers, 1872, has 4 wards, 18,892 Kingston, 1872, has 9 wards, 18,342 Newburg, 1865, has 4 wards, 18,050 Binghamton, 1867, has 5 wards, 17,315 L. I. City, 1870, has 5 wards, 17,117 Schenectady, 1798, has 5 wards, 13,675 Lockport, 1865, has 4 wards, 13,522 Rome, 1870, has 5 wards, 12,045 Watertown, 1869, has 4 wards, 10,697 Ogdensburg, 1868, has 4 wards, 10,340 Hudson, 1785, has 4 wards, 8,828
The census for 1880 is not fully completed, but gives substantially the above figures.
Q. How populous must a village be, before it can be incorporated as a city?
A. No definite number is required; whenever a large proportion of the inhabitant desire it, the legislature will grant a city charter.
Q. What is the executive officer of a city called?
A. The Mayor. His term of office is one year, unless otherwise ordered by the, charter, as in New York and Albany where it is two years.
Q. What other important officers are elected?
A. Aldermen and Supervisors; one each in every ward unless otherwise ordered by their charter.
Q. What officers form the common council?
A. Mayor and aldermen; and they are the legislative body of the city; they have authority to appoint police officers.
Q. What courts exist in cities in addition to those established for the State at large?
A I. The Superior Court of the city of New York.
II. The Court of Common Pleas for the city and county of New York.
III. The Superior Court of Buffalo.
IV. The City Court of Brooklyn. Const, Art. VI., Sec. 12.
JURIES.
Q. What is a jury?
A. A body of men elected according to law, and sworn to inquire into and try any matter of fact, and declare the truth of it on the evidence given in the case.
Q. Name some juries?
A. I. One of six persons for the trial of causes in a Justice Court
II. One of twelve persons, summoned for the purpose of laying out new roads or discontinuing old ones.
III. One of not less than six nor more than fifteen persons, summoned by the coroner, to inquire into the cause of any violent death.
IV. One of twelve men, called a petit jury, whose duty it is to try causes, civil or criminal, in the county court and sessions, or circuit and oyer and terminer.
V. One called a grand jury of not less than sixteen nor more than twenty-three, whose duty it is to examine into accusations against persons charged with crime, and if they find sufficient testimony to warrant it, to find a bill of indictment against them to be presented to the court.
Q. Name some qualifications requisite for jurors?
A. They must be freeholders, twenty-one years old.
Q. Who are exempt from sitting on a jury?
A. Persons