Canada and the States | Page 3

the forbearance of Mr. Tilden and the Democrats, on
one occasion; and the caution of leading Republicans when President
Cleveland was chosen, disturbance must have happened.
We have yet to see whether Provincial Government may not, in the
Dominion, lead towards Separation, rather than towards Union. While

one Custom-house and one general Government is aiding Union, the
Province of Quebec accentuates all that is French; the Province of
Ontario accentuates all that is British: the problem, here, is how,
gradually, to weaken sectional, and how gradually to strengthen Union,
ideas. State rights led to a civil war in the United States: Provincial
Government fifty years hence may lead to conflicts in Canada.
In the United States there was no solution but war. Surely in Canada we
can apply the safety valve of augmenting British aid and influence.
Why not try the re-introduction of the red-coat of the Queen's soldier
--that soldier to be enlisted and officered, let us hope in the early future,
from every portion of the Queen's Dominions--as of the one Imperial
army;--an Imperial army paid for by the whole Empire.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I
. PRELIMINARY--ONE REASON WHY I WENT TO THE PACIFIC

CHAPTER II
. TOWARDS THE PACIFIC--LIVERPOOL TO QUEBEC

CHAPTER III
. TO THE PACIFIC--MONTREAL TO PORT MOODY

CHAPTER IV
. CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAYS

CHAPTER V
. A BRITISH RAILWAY FROM THE ATLANTIC TO THE PACIFIC

CHAPTER VI

. PORT MOODY--VICTORIA--SAN FRANCISCO TO CHICAGO.

CHAPTER VII
. NEGOCIATIONS AS TO THE INTERCOLONIAL RAILWAY:
AND NORTH-WEST TRANSIT AND TELEGRAPH, 1861 TO 1864.

CHAPTER VIII
. NEGOCIATIONS FOR PURCHASE OF THE HUDSON'S BAY
PROPERTY

CHAPTER IX
. THE RIGHT HONORABLE EDWARD ELLICE, M.P.

CHAPTER X
. THE SELECT COMMITTEE, ON HUDSON'S BAY AFFAIRS, OF
1857

CHAPTER XI
. RE-ORGANIZATION OF HUDSON'S BAY COMPANY

CHAPTER XII
. THE HUDSON'S BAY COMPANY AND THE SELECT
COMMITTEE OF 1748- 9

CHAPTER XIII
. THE HUDSON'S BAY POSTS--TO-DAY.

CHAPTER XIV

. "UNCERTAIN SOUNDS"

CHAPTER XV
. "GOVERNOR DALLAS"

CHAPTER XVI
. THE HONORABLE THOMAS D'ARCY McGEE

CHAPTER XVII
. 1851--FIRST VISIT TO AMERICA: A REASON FOR IT.

CHAPTER XVIII
. THE RECIPROCITY TREATY WITH THE UNITED STATES.

CHAPTER XIX
. THE DEFENCES OF CANADA.

CHAPTER XX
. INTENDED ROUTE FOR A PACIFIC RAILWAY IN 1863.

CHAPTER XXI
. LETTERS PROM SIR GEORGE E. CARTIER--QUESTION OF
HONORS

CHAPTER XXII
. DISRAELI-BEACONSFIELD

CHAPTER XXIII

. VISITS TO QUEBEC AND PORTLAND: AND LETTERS HOME
CANADA AND THE NORTH ATLANTIC COUNTRY.


CHAPTER I
.
_Preliminary--One Reason why I went to the Pacific._
A quarter of a century ago, charged with the temporary oversight of the
then great Railway of Canada, I first made the acquaintance of Mr.
Tilley, Prime Minister of the Province of New Brunswick, whom I met
in a plain little room, more plainly furnished, at Frederickton, in New
Brunswick. My business was to ask his co-operation in carrying out the
physical union of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and through them
Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland, with Canada by means of
what has since been called the "Intercolonial" Railway. That Railway,
projected half a century ago, was part of the great scheme of 1851,--of
which the Grand Trunk system from Portland, on the Atlantic, to
Richmond; and from Riviere du Loup, by Quebec and Richmond, to
Montreal, and then on to Kingston, Toronto, Sarnia, and Detroit--had
been completed and opened when I, thus, visited Canada, as
Commissioner, in the autumn of 1861. I found Mr. Tilley fully alive to
the initial importance of the construction of this arterial Railway--initial,
in the sense that, without it, discussions in reference to the fiscal, or the
political, federation, or the absolute union, under one Parliament, of all
the Provinces was vain. I found, also, that Mr. Tilley had, ardently,
embraced the great idea--to be realized some day, distant though that
day might be--of a great British nation, planted, for ever, under the
Crown, and extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
Certainly, in 1861, this great idea seemed like a mere dream of the
uncertain future. Blocked by wide stretches of half-explored country:
dependent upon approaches through United States' territory: each
Province enforcing its separate, and differing, tariffs, the one against
the other, and others, through its separate Custom House; it was not
matter of surprise to find a growing gravitation towards the United
States, based, alike, on augmenting trade and augmenting prejudices.

Amongst party politicians at home, there was, at this time, of 1861,
little adhesion to the idea of a Colonial Empire; and the reader has only
to read the reference, made later on, to a published letter of Sir Charles
Adderley to Mr. Disraeli in 1862, to see how the pulse of some