Apu Ollantay

Apu Ollantay (A Drama of the
Time of the Incas)

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Title: Apu Ollantay A Drama of the Time of the Incas
Author: Sir Clements R. Markham
Release Date: October, 2005 [EBook #9068] [Yes, we are more than
one year ahead of schedule] [This file was first posted on September 2,
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OLLANTAY ***

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APU OLLANTAY
A DRAMA OF THE TIME OF THE INCAS
SOVEREIGNS OF PERU
ABOUT A.D. 1470

FIRST REDUCED TO WRITING BY DR. VALDEZ, CUBA OF
SICUANI A.D. 1770

THE ORIGINAL MANUSCRIPT COPIED BY DR. JUSTO PASTOR
JUSTINIANI

THIS JUSTINIANI TEXT COPIED AT LARIS, IN APRIL 1863, BY
CLEMENTS R. MARKHAM

A FREE TRANSLATION INTO ENGLISH BY SIR CLEMENTS
MARKHAM, K.C.B. [1910]

INTRODUCTION
The drama was cultivated by the Incas, and dramatic performances
were enacted before them. Garcilasso de la Vega, Molina, and
Salcamayhua are the authorities who received and have recorded the
information given by the Amautas respecting the Inca drama. Some of
these dramas, and portions of others, were preserved in the memories of
members of Inca and Amauta families. The Spanish priests, especially
the Jesuits of Juli, soon discovered the dramatic aptitude of the people.
Plays were composed and acted, under priestly auspices, which
contained songs and other fragments of the ancient Inca drama. These

plays were called 'Autos Sacramentales.'
But complete Inca dramas were also preserved in the memories of
members of the Amauta caste and, until the rebellion of 1781, they
were acted. The drama of Ollantay was first reduced to writing and
arranged for acting by Dr. Don Antonio Valdez, the Cura of Tinto. It
was acted before his friend Jose Gabriel Condorcanqui[FN#1] in about
1775. Taking the name of his maternal ancestor, the Inca Tupac Amaru,
the ill-fated Condorcanqui rose in rebellion, was defeated, taken, and
put to death under torture, in the great square of Cuzco. In the
monstrous sentence 'the representation of dramas as well as all other
festivals which the Indians celebrate in memory of their Incas' was
prohibited.[FN#2] This is a clear proof that before 1781 these Quichua
dramas were acted.
[FN#1] INCA-PACHACUTI | TUPAC YUPANQUI | INCA
HUAYNA CCAPAC | MANCO INCA | TUPAC AMARU | JUANA
NUSTA = DIEGO CONDORCANQUI | FELIPE CONDORCANQUI |
PEDRO CONDORCANQUI | MIGUEL CONDORCANQUI | JOSE
GABRIEL CONDORCANQUI (TUPAC AMARU)
[FN#2] 'Sentencia pronunciada en el Cuzco por el Visitador Don Jose
Antonio de Areche, contra Jose Gabriel Tupac Amaru.' In Coleccion de
obras y documentos de Don Pedro de Angelis, vol. V. (Buenos Ayres,
1836- 7).
The original manuscript of Valdez was copied by his friend Don Justo
Pastor Justiniani, and this copy was inherited by his son. There was
another copy in the convent of San Domingo at Cuzco, but it is corrupt,
and there are several omissions and mistakes of a copyist. Dr. Valdez
died, at a very advanced age, in 1816. In 1853 the original manuscript
was in the possession of his nephew and heir, Don Narciso Cuentas of
Tinta.
The Justiniani copy was, in 1853, in the possession of Dr. Don Pablo
Justiniani, Cura of Laris, and son of Don Justo Pastor Justiniani. He is a
descendant of the Incas.[FN#3] In April 1853 I went to Laris, a
secluded valley of the Andes, and made a careful copy of the drama of
Ollantay. From this Justiniani text my first very faulty line-for-line
translation was made in 1871, as well as the present free translation.
[FN#3] INCA PACHACUTI. | TUPAC YUPANQUI | HUAYNA
CCAPAC | MANCO INCA | MARIA TUPAC USCA = PEDRO

ORTIZ DE ORUE | CATALINA ORTIZ =LUIS JUSTINIANI | LUIS
JUSTINIANI | LUIS JUSTINIANI | NICOLO JUSTINIANI | JUSTO
PASTOR JUSTINIANI | Dr. PABLO POLICARPO
JUSTINIANI(Cura of Laris)
The first printed notice of