Applied Eugenics | Page 2

375 HOUSING 376 FEMINISM 378
OLD AGE PENSIONS 384 SEX HYGIENE MOVEMENT 385
TRADES UNIONISM 388 PROHIBITION 389 PEDAGOGICAL
CELIBACY 390
XIX. RELIGION AND EUGENICS 393
XX. EUGENICS AND EUTHENICS 402
APPENDIX A. OVARIAN TRANSPLANTATION 419
" B. DYNAMIC EVOLUTION 421
" C. THE "MELTING POT" 424
" D. THE ESSENCE OF MENDELISM 429
" E. USEFUL WORKS OF REFERENCE 436
" F. GLOSSARY 437

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
FIGURE PAGE
1. Four Baby Girls at Once 6
2. The Effect of Nurture in Changing Nature 10
3. Height in Corn and Men 12
4. Why Men Grow Short or Tall 14
5. Bound Foot of a Chinese Woman 42
6. Defective Little Toe of a Prehistoric Egyptian 42
7. Effect of Lead as a "Racial Poison" 63
8. Distribution of 10-Year-Old School Children 76
9. Variation in Ability 77
10. Origin of a Normal Probability Curve 78
11. The "Chance" or "Probability" Form of Distribution 79
12. Probability Curve with Increased Number of Steps 80
13. Normal Variability Curve Following Law of Chance 80
14. Cadets Arranged to Show Normal Curve of Variability 82
15. Variation in Heights of Recruits to the American Army 82
16. How Do You Clasp Your Hands? 100
17. The Effect of Orthodactyly 102

18. A Family with Orthodactyly 102
19. White Blaze in the Hair 104
20. A Family of Spotted Negroes 104
21. A Human Finger-Tip 106
22. The Limits of Hereditary Control 106
23. The Distribution of Intelligence 106
24. The Twins whose Finger-Prints are Shown in Fig. 25 108
25. Finger-Prints of Twins 110
26. A Home of the "Hickory" Family 168
27. A Chieftain of the Hickory Clan 170
28. Two Juke Homes of the Present Day 172
29. Mongolian Deficiency 174
30. Feeble-Minded Men are Capable of Much Rough Labor 192
31. Feeble-Minded at a Vineland Colony 192
32. How Beauty Aids a Girl's Chance of Marriage 215
33. Intelligent Girls are Most Likely to Marry 216
34. Years Between Graduation and Marriage 217
35. The Effect of Late Marriages 218
36. Wellesley Graduates and Non-Graduates 242
37. Birth Rate of Harvard and Yale Graduates 266

38. Families of Prominent Methodists 263
39. Examining Immigrants at Ellis Island, New York, 303
40. Line of Ascent that Carries the Family Name 331
41. The Small Value of a Famous, but Remote, Ancestor 338
42. History of 100 Babies 344
43. Adult Morality 345
44. Influence of Mother's Age 347
45. The "Mean Man" of the Old White American Stock 425
46. The Carriers of Heredity 431

INTRODUCTION
The Great War has caused a vast destruction of the sounder portion of
the belligerent peoples and it is certain that in the next generation the
progeny of their weaker members will constitute a much larger
proportion of the whole than would have been the case if the War had
not occurred. Owing to this immeasurable calamity that has befallen
the white race, the question of eugenics has ceased to be merely
academic. It looms large whenever we consider the means of avoiding
a stagnation or even decline of our civilization in consequence of the
losses the War has inflicted upon the more valuable stocks. Eugenics is
by no means tender with established customs and institutions, and once
it seemed likely that its teachings would be left for our grandchildren to
act on. But the plowshare of war has turned up the tough sod of custom,
and now every sound new idea has a chance. Rooted prejudices have
been leveled like the forests of Picardy under gun fire. The fear of
racial decline provides the eugenist with a far stronger leverage than
did the hope of accelerating racial progress. It may be, then, that owing
to the War eugenic policies will gain as much ground by the middle of

this century as without it they would have gained by the end of the
century.
This book could not have been written ten years ago because many of
the data it relies on were not then in existence. In view of inquiries now
going on, we may reasonably hope that ten years hence it will be
possible to make a much better book on the subject. But I am sure that
this book is as good a presentation as can be made of eugenics at its
present stage of development. The results of all the trustworthy
observations and experiments have been taken into account, and the
testing of human customs and institutions in the light of biological
principles tallies well with the sociology of our times.
I cannot understand how any conscientious person, dealing in a large
way with human life, should have the hardihood to ignore eugenics.
This book should command the attention not only of students of
sociology, but, as well, of philanthropists, social workers,