An Inquiry into the Nature of Peace and the Terms of its Perpetuation | Page 2

Middle Ages, 9.
--Still retain the right of coercively controlling the actions of their citizens, 11.
--Contrast of Icelandic Commonwealth, 12.
--The statecraft of the past half century has been one of competitive preparedness, 14.
--Prussianised Germany has forced the pace in this competitive preparedness, 20.
--An avowedly predatory enterprise no longer meets with approval, 21.
--When a warlike enterprise has been entered upon, it will have the support of popular sentiment even if it is an aggressive war, 22.
--The moral indignation of both parties to the quarrel is to be taken for granted, 23.
--The spiritual forces of any Christian nation may be mobilised for war by either of two pleas: (1) The preservation or furtherance of the community's material interests, real or fancied, and (2) vindication of the National Honour; as perhaps also perpetuation of the national "Culture," 23.
CHAPTER II
ON THE NATURE AND USES OF PATRIOTISM 31
The nature of Patriotism, 31.
--Is a spirit of Emulation, 33.
--Must seem moral, if only to a biased populace, 33.
--The common man is sufficiently patriotic but is hampered with a sense of right and honest dealing, 38.
--Patriotism is at cross purposes with modern life, 38.
--Is an hereditary trait? 41.
--Variety of racial stocks in Europe, 43.
--Patriotism a ubiquitous trait, 43.
--Patriotism disserviceable, yet men hold to it, 46.
--Cultural evolution of Europeans, 48.
--Growth of a sense of group solidarity, 49.
--Material interests of group falling into abeyance as class divisions have grown up, until prestige remains virtually the sole community interest, 51.
--Based upon warlike prowess, physical magnitude and pecuniary traffic of country, 54.
--Interests of the master class are at cross purposes with the fortunes of the common man, 57.
--Value of superiors is a "prestige value," 57.
--The material benefits which this ruling class contribute are: defense against aggression, and promotion of the community's material gain, 60.
--The common defense is a remedy for evils due to the patriotic spirit, 61.
--The common defense the usual blind behind which events are put in train for eventual hostilities, 62.
--All the nations of warring Europe convinced that they are fighting a defensive war, 62.
--Which usually takes the form of a defense of the National Honour, 63.
--Material welfare is of interest to the Dynastic statesman only as it conduces to political success, 64.
--The policy of national economic self-sufficiency, 67.
--The chief material use of patriotism is its use to a limited number of persons in their quest of private gain, 67.
--And has the effect of dividing the nations on lines of rivalry, 76.
CHAPTER III
ON THE CONDITIONS OF A LASTING PEACE 77
The patriotic spirit of modern peoples is the abiding source of contention among nations, 77.
--Hence any calculus of the Chances of Peace will be a reckoning of forces which may be counted on to keep a patriotic nation in an unstable equilibrium of peace, 78.
--The question of peace and war at large is a question of peace and war among the Powers, which are of two contrasted kinds: those which may safely be counted on spontaneously to take the offensive and those which will fight on provocation, 79.
--War not a question of equity but of opportunity, 81.
--The Imperial designs of Germany and Japan as the prospective cause of war, 82.
--Peace can be maintained in two ways: submission to their dominion, or elimination of these two Powers; No middle course open, 84.
--Frame of mind of states; men and popular sentiment in a Dynastic State, 84.
--Information, persuasion and reflection will not subdue national animosities and jealousies; Peoples of Europe are racially homogeneous along lines of climatic latitude, 88.
--But loyalty is a matter of habituation, 89.
--Derivation and current state of German nationalism, 94.
--Contrasted with the animus of the citizens of a commonwealth, 103;--A neutral peace-compact may be practicable in the absence of Germany and Japan, but it has no chance in their presence, 106.
--The national life of Germany: the Intellectuals, 108.
--Summary of chapter, 116.
CHAPTER IV
PEACE WITHOUT HONOUR 118
Submission to the Imperial Power one of the conditions precedent to a peaceful settlement, 118.
--Character of the projected tutelage, 118.
--Life under the Pax Germanica contrasted with the Ottoman and Russian rule, 124.
--China and biological and cultural success, 130.
--Difficulty of non-resistant subjection is of a psychological order, 131.
--Patriotism of the bellicose kind is of the nature of habit, 134.
--And men may divest themselves of it, 140.
--A decay of the bellicose national spirit must be of the negative order, the disuse of the discipline out of which it has arisen, 142.
--Submission to Imperial authorities necessitates abeyance of national pride among the other peoples, 144.
--Pecuniary merits of the projected Imperial dominion, 145.
--Pecuniary class distinctions in the commonwealths and the pecuniary burden on the common man, 150.
--Material conditions of life for the common man under the modern rule of big business, 156.
--The competitive régime, "what the traffic will bear," and the life and labor of the common man, 158.
--Industrial sabotage by businessmen, 165.
--Contrasted with the Imperial usufruct and its material advantages to