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attention to their opinions--Assistance in retarding decay of faculties by helping them to exercise--Keeping up interest of the infirm in domestic affairs--Great care to preserve animal heat--Ingratitude to the aged, its baseness--Chinese regard for old age.
XXV.
_THE CARE OF SERVANTS._
Origin of the Yankee term "help"--Days of good health and intelligent house-keeping--Growth of wealth tends to multiply hired service-- American young women should be trained in housekeeping for the guidance of ignorant and shiftless servants--Difficulty of teaching servants--Reaction of society in favor of women's intellectuality, in danger of causing a new reaction--American girls should do more work--Social estimate of domestic service--Dearth of intelligent domestic help--Proper mode of treating servants--General rules and special suggestions--Hints from experience--Woman's first "right," liberty to do what she can--Domestic duties not to be neglected for operations in other spheres--Servants to be treated with respect--Errors of heartless and of too indulgent employers--Mistresses of American families necessarily missionaries and instructors.
XXVI.
_CARE Of THE SICK._
Prominence given to care and cure of the sick by our Saviour--Every woman should know what to do in the case of illness--Simple remedies best--Fasting and perspiration--Evils of constipation--Modes of relieving it--Remedies for colds--Unwise to tempt the appetite of the sick--Suggestion for the sick-room--Ventilation--Needful articles--The room, bed, and person of the patient to be kept neat--Care to preserve animal warmth--The sick, the delicate, the aged--Food always to be carefully prepared and neatly served--Little modes of refreshment-- Implicit obedience to the physician--Care in purchasing medicines-- Exhibition of cheerfulness, gentleness, and sympathy--Knowledge and experience of mind--Lack of competent nurses--Failings of nurses-- Sensitiveness of the sick--"Sisters of Charity," the reason why they are such excellent nurses--Illness in the family a providential opportunity of training children to love and usefulness.
XXVII.
_ACCIDENTS AND ANTIDOTES._
Mode of treating cuts, wounds, severed arteries--Bad bruises to be bathed In hot water--Sprains treated with hot fomentation and rest--Burns cured by creosote, wood-soot, or flour--Drowning; most approved mode of treatment--Poisons and their antidotes--Soda, saleratus, potash, sulphuric or oxalic acid, lime or baryta, iodine or iodide of potassium, prussic acid, antimony, arsenic, lead, nitrate of silver, phosphorus, alcohol, tobacco, opium, strychnia--Bleeding at the lungs, stomach, throat, nose--Accidents from lightning-- Stupefaction, from coal-gas or foul air--Fire--Fainting--Coolness and presence of mind.
XXVIII.
_SEWING, CUTTING, AND MENDING._
Different kinds of Stitch--Overstitch--Hems--Tucks--Fells--Gores-- Buttonholes--Whipping--Gathering--Darning--Basting--Sewing--Work- baskets--To make a frock--Patterns--Fitting--Lining--Thin Silks-- Fitted and plain silks--Plaids--Stripes--Linen and Cotton--How to buy--Shirts--Chemises--Night-gowns--Under-skirts--Mending--Silk dresses--Broadcloth--Hose--Shoes, etc.--Bedding--Mattresses-- Sheeting--Bed-linen.
XXIX.
_FIRES AND LIGHTS._
Wood fires--Shallow fireplaces--Utensils--The best wood for fires --How to measure a load--Splitting and piling--Ashes--Cleaning up-- Stoves and grates--Ventilation--Moisture--Stove-pipe thimbles-- Anthracite coal--Bituminous coal--Care to be used in erecting stoves and pipes--Lights--Poor economy to use bad light--Gas--Oil--Kerosene-- Points to be considered: Steadiness, Color, Heat--Argand burners-- Dangers of kerosene--Tests of its safety and light-giving qualities-- Care of lamps--Utensils needed--Shades--Night-lamps--How to make candles--Moulded--Dipped--Rush-lights.
XXX.
_THE CARE OF ROOMS._
Parlors--Cleansing--Furniture--Pictures--Hearths and jambs--Stains in marble--Carpets--Chambers and bedrooms--Ventilation--How to make a bed properly--Servants should have single beds and comfortable rooms--Kitchens--Light--Air--Cleanliness--How to make a cheap oil-cloth--The sink--Washing dishes--Kitchen furniture--Crockery-- Ironware--Tinware--Basketware--Other articles--Closets--Cellars--Dryness and cleanliness imperative necessities--Store-rooms--Modes of destroying insects and vermin.
XXXI.
_THE CARE OF YARDS AND GARDENS._
Preparation of soil for pot-plants--For hot-beds--For planting flower seeds--For garden seeds--Transplanting--To re-pot house plants--The laying out of yards and gardens--Transplanting trees--The care of house plants.
XXXII.
_THE PROPAGATION OF PLANTS._
Propagation of bulbous roots--Propagation of plants by shoots--By layers-Budding and grafting--The outer and inner bark--Detailed description of operations--Seed-fruit--Stone-fruit--Rose hushes-- Ingrafting--Stock grafting--Pruning--Perpendicular shoots to be taken out, horizontal or curved shoots retained--All fruit-buds coming out after midsummer to be rubbed off--Suckers--Pruning to be done after sap is in circulation.--Thinning--Leaves to be removed when they shade fruit near maturity--Fruit to be removed when too abundant for good quality--How to judge.
XXXIII.
_THE CULTIVATION OF FRUIT._
A pleasant, easy, and profitable occupation--Soil for a nursery-- Planting of seeds--Transplanting--Pruning--Filberts--Figs--Currants-- Gooseberries--Raspberries--Strawberries--Grapes--Modes of preserving fruit trees--The yellows--Moths--Caterpillars--Brulure-Curculio--Canker- worm.
XXXIV.
_THE CARE OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS._
Interesting association of animals with man, from childhood to age--Domestic animals apt to catch the spirit of their masters-- Important necessities--Good feeding--Shelter--Cleanliness--Destruction of parasitic vermin--Salt and water--Light--Exercise--Rule for breeding--Care of Horses: feeding, grooming, special treatment--Cows: stabling, feed, calving, milking, tethering--Swine: naturally cleanly, breeding, fresh water, charcoal, feeding--Sheep: winter treatment--Diet --Sorting--Use of sheep in clearing land-Pasture--Hedges and fences--Poultry--Turkeys--Geese--Ducks--Fowls--Dairy work generally--Bees--Care of domestic animals, occupation for women.
XXXV.
_EARTH-CLOSETS._
Deodorization and preservation of excrementitious matter--The earth-closet--Waring's pamphlet--The agricultural argument--Necessity of returning to the soil the elements taken from it--Earth-closet based on power of clay and inorganic matter to absorb and retain odors and fertilizing matter--Its construction--Mode of use--The ordinary privy--The commode or portable house-privy--Especial directions: things to be observed--Repeated use of earth--Other advantages--Sick-rooms--House-labor--Cleanliness--Economy.
XXXVI.
_WARMING AND VENTILATION._
Open fireplace nearest to natural mode by which earth is warmed and ventilated--Origin of diseases--Necessity of pure air to life --Statistics--General principles of ventilation--Mode of Lewis Leeds--Ventilation of buildings planned in this work--The pure-air conductor--The foul-air exhausting-flue--Stoves--Detailed arrangements--Warming--Economy of time, labor, and expense in the cottage plan--After all schemes, the open fireplace the best.
XXXVII.
_CARE OF THE HOMELESS, THE HELPLESS, AND THE VICIOUS._
Recommendations of the Massachusetts Board of State Charities--Pauper and criminal classes should be scattered in Christian