A History of Indian Philosophy, Vol. 1 | Page 4

whatever errors have been here committed through the dullness of my intellect in the way of wrong interpretations and misstatements.]
CONTENTS

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTORY.....................................................1

CHAPTER II
THE VEDAS, BR?HMA@NAS AND THEIR PHILOSOPHY
1 The Vedas and their antiquity.................................10 2 The place of the Vedas in the Hindu mind......................10 3 Classification of the Vedic literature........................11 4 The [email protected] 5 The [email protected] 6 The [email protected] 7 The @Rg-Veda, its civilization................................14 8 The Vedic gods................................................16 9 Polytheism, Henotheism, and Monotheism........................17 10 Growth of a Monotheistic tendency; Prajapati, Vis'vakarma.....19 11 Brahma........................................................20 12 Sacrifice; the First Rudiments of the Law of Karma............21 13 Cosmogony--Mythological and Philosophical.....................23 14 Eschatology; the Doctrine of ?tman............................25 15 Conclusion....................................................26

CHAPTER III
THE EARLIER UPANI@SADS (700 B.C.-600 B.C.)
1 The place of the Upani@sads in Vedic literature...............28 2 The names of the Upani@sads; Non-Brahmanic influence..........30 3 Brahma@nas and the Early [email protected] 4 The meaning of the word [email protected] 5 The composition and growth of diverse [email protected] 6 Revival of Upani@sad studies in modern times..................39 7 The Upani@sads and their interpretations......................41 8 The quest after Brahman: the struggle and the failures........42 9 Unknowability of Brahman and the Negative Method..............44 10 The ?tman doctrine............................................45 11 Place of Brahman in the [email protected] 12 The World.....................................................51 13 The World-Soul................................................52 14 The Theory of Causation.......................................52 15 Doctrine of Transmigration....................................53 16 Emancipation..................................................58

CHAPTER IV
GENERAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE SYSTEMS OF INDIAN PHILOSOPHY
1 In what sense is a History of Indian Philosophy possible?......62 2 Growth of the Philosophic Literature...........................65 3 The Indian systems of Philosophy...............................67 4 Some fundamental points of agreement...........................71 1 The Karma theory.........................................71 2 The Doctrine of Mukti....................................74 3 The Doctrine of Soul.....................................75 5 The Pessimistic Attitude towards the World and the Optimistic Faith in the end...............................................75 6 Unity in Indian Sadhana (philosophical, religious and ethical endeavours)....................................................77
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CHAPTER V
BUDDHIST PHILOSOPHY
1 The State of Philosophy in India before Buddha.................78 2 Buddha: his Life...............................................81 3 Early Buddhist Literature......................................82 4 The Doctrine of Causal Connection of early Buddhism............84 5 The Khandhas...................................................93 6 Avijja and ?sava...............................................99 7 S?la and Samadhi..............................................100 8 Kamma.........................................................106 9 Upani@sads and Buddhism.......................................109 10 The Schools of Theravada Buddhism.............................112 11 Mahayanism....................................................125 12 The Tathata Philosophy of As'vagho@sa (80 A.D.)...............129 13 The Madhyamika or the S?nyavada school--Nihilism..............138 14 Uncompromising Idealism or the School of Vij?anavada Buddhism.145 15 Sautrantika theory of Perception..............................151 16 Sautrantika theory of Inference...............................155 17 The Doctrine of Momentariness.................................158 18 The Doctrine of Momentariness and the Doctrine of Causal Efficiency (Arthakriyakaritva)..................................163 19 Some Ontological Problems on which the Different Indian Systems diverged........................................................164 20 Brief Survey of the Evolution of Buddhist Thought.............166

CHAPTER VI
THE JAINA PHILOSOPHY
1 The Origin of Jainism.........................................169 2 Two Sects of Jainism..........................................170 3 The Canonical and other Literature of the Jains...............171 4 Some General Characteristics of the Jains.....................172 5 Life of Mahav?ra..............................................173 6 The Fundamental Ideas of Jaina Ontology.......................173 7 The Doctrine of Relative Pluralism (Anekantavada).............175 8 The Doctrine of Nayas.........................................176 9 The Doctrine of Syadvada......................................179 10 Knowledge, its value for us...................................181 11 Theory of Perception..........................................183 12 Non-Perceptual knowledge......................................185 13 Knowledge as Revelation.......................................186 14 The J?vas.....................................................188 15 Karma Theory..................................................190 16 Karma, ?srava and Nirjara.....................................192 17 Pudgala.......................................................195 18 Dharma, Adharma, ?kas'a.......................................197 19 Kala and Samaya...............................................198 20 Jaina Cosmography.............................................199 21 Jaina Yoga....................................................199 22 Jaina Atheism.................................................203 23 Mok@sa (emancipation).........................................207
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CHAPTER VII
THE KAPILA AND THE P?TA?JALA S?@MKHYA (YOGA)
1 A Review......................................................208 2 The Germs of Sa@mkhya in the [email protected] 3 Sa@mkhya and Yoga Literature..................................212 4 An Early School of [email protected] 5 Sa@mkhya karika, Sa@mkhya s?tra, Vacaspati Mis'ra and Vij?ana Bhiksu..........................................................222 6 Yoga and Pata?jali............................................226 7 The Sa@mkhya and the Yoga doctrine of Soul or Purusa..........238 8 Thought and Matter............................................241 9 Feelings, the Ultimate Substances.............................242 10 The Gunas.....................................................243 11 Prak@@rti and its evolution...................................245 12 Pralaya and the disturbance of the Prak@rti Equilibrium.......247 13 Mahat and Ahamkara............................................248 14 The Tanmatras and the Parama?us...............................251 15 Principle of Causation and Conservation of Energy.............254 16 Change as the formation of new collocations...................255 17 Causation as Satkaryavada (the theory that the effect potentially exists before it is generated by the movement of the cause)...................................................257 18 Sa@mkhya Atheism and Yoga Theism..............................258 19 Buddhi and Purusa.............................................259 20 The Cognitive Process and some characteristics of Citta.......261 21 Sorrow and its Dissolution....................................264 22 Citta.........................................................268 23 Yoga Purificatory Practices (Parikarma).......................270 24 The Yoga Meditation...........................................271

CHAPTER VIII
THE NY?YA-VAISESIKA PHILOSOPHY
1 Criticism of Buddhism and Sa@mkhya from the Nyaya standpoint...274 2 Nyaya and Vais'e@sika s?tras...................................276 3 Does Vais'e@sika represent an old school of M?ma@msa?..........280 4 Philosophy in the Vais'e@sika s?tras...........................285 5 Philosophy in the Nyaya s?tras.................................294 6 Philosophy of Nyaya s?tras and Vais'e@sika s?tras..............301 7 The Vais'e@sika and Nyaya Literature...........................305 8 The main doctrine of the Nyaya-Vais'e@sika Philosophy..........310 9 The six Padarthas: Dravya, Gu@na, Karma, Samanya, Vis'e@sa, Samavaya........................................................313 10 The Theory of Causation.......................................319 11 Dissolution (Pralaya) and Creation (S@r@s@ti).................323 12 Proof of the Existence of Is'vara.............................325 13 The Nyaya-Vais'e@sika Physics.................................326 14 The Origin of Knowledge (Prama@na)............................330 15 The four Prama@nas of Nyaya...................................332 16 Perception (Pratyak@sa).......................................333 17 Inference.....................................................343 18 Upamana and S'abda............................................354 19 Negation in Nyaya-Vais'[email protected] 20 The necessity of the Acquirement of debating devices for the seeker of