A History of China | Page 2

3 Reasons for collapse
(B) _The T'ang dynasty_ (A.D. 618-906) 1 Reforms and decentralization 2 Turkish policy 3 Conquest of Turkestan and Korea. Summit of power 4 The reign of the empress Wu: Buddhism and capitalism 5 Second blossoming of T'ang culture 6 Revolt of a military governor 7 The role of the Uighurs. Confiscation of the capital of the monasteries 8 First successful peasant revolt. Collapse of the empire
MODERN TIMES



Chapter IX
: THE EPOCH OF THE SECOND DIVISION OF CHINA
(A) The period of the Five Dynasties (906-960) 1 Beginning of a new epoch 2 Political situation in the tenth century 3 Monopolistic trade in South China. Printing and paper money in the north 4 Political history of the Five Dynasties
(B) Period of Moderate Absolutism (1) The Northern Sung dynasty 1 Southward expansion 2 Administration and army. Inflation 3 Reforms and Welfare schemes 4 Cultural situation (philosophy, religion, literature, painting) 5 Military collapse
(2) _The Liao (Kitan) dynasty in the north_ (937-1125) 1 Sociological structure. Claim to the Chinese imperial throne 2 The State of the Kara-Kitai
(3) _The Hsi-Hsia State in the north_ (1038-1227) 1 Continuation of Turkish traditions
(4) The empire of the Southern Sung dynasty (1127-1279) 1 Foundation 2 Internal situation 3 Cultural situation; reasons for the collapse
(5) _The empire of the Juchên in the north (i_ 115-1234) 1 Rapid expansion from northern Korea to the Yangtze 2 United front of all Chinese 3 Start of the Mongol empire




Chapter X
: THE PERIOD OF ABSOLUTISM
(A) The Mongol Epoch (1280-1368) 1 Beginning of new foreign rules 2 "Nationality legislation" 3 Military position 4 Social situation 5 Popular risings: National rising 6 Cultural
(B) The Ming Epoch (1368-1644) 1 Start. National feeling 2 Wars against Mongols and Japanese 3 Social legislation within the existing order 4 Colonization and agricultural developments 5 Commercial and industrial developments 6 Growth of the small gentry 7 Literature, art, crafts 8 Politics at court 9 Navy. Southward expansion 10 Struggles between cliques 11 Risings 12 Machiavellism 13 Foreign relations in the sixteenth century 14 External and internal perils
(C) The Manchu Dynasty (1644-1911) 1 Installation of the Manchus 2 Decline in the eighteenth century 3 Expansion in Central Asia; the first State treaty 4 Culture 5 Relations with the outer world 6 Decline; revolts 7 European Imperialism in the Far East 8 Risings in Turkestan and within China: the T'ai P'ing Rebellion 9 Collision with Japan; further Capitulations 10 Russia in Manchuria 11 Reform and reaction: The Boxer Rising 12 End of the dynasty




Chapter XI
: THE REPUBLIC (1912-1948)
1 Social and intellectual position 2 First period of the Republic: The warlords 3 Second period of the Republic: Nationalist China 4 The Sino-Japanese war (1937-1945)




Chapter XII
: PRESENT-DAY CHINA
1 The growth of communism 2 Nationalist China in Taiwan 3 Communist China
Notes and References
Index

ILLUSTRATIONS
1 Painted pottery from Kansu: Neolithic. _In the collection of the Museum für V?lkerkunde, Berlin_.
2 Ancient bronze tripod found at Anyang. _From G. Ecke: Frühe chinesische Bronzen aus der Sammlung Oskar Trautmann, Peking_ 1939, plate 3.
3 Bronze plaque representing two horses fighting each other. Ordos region, animal style. _From V. Griessmaier: Sammlung Baron Eduard von der Heydt, Vienna 1936, illustration No. 6_.
4 Hunting scene: detail from the reliefs in the tombs at Wu-liang-tz'u. _From a print in the author's possession_.
5 Part of the "Great Wall". Photo Eberhard.
6 Sun Ch'üan, ruler of Wu. _From a painting by Yen Li-pen (c. 640-680_).
7 General view of the Buddhist cave-temples of Yün-kang. In the foreground, the present village; in the background the rampart. _Photo H. Hammer-Morrisson_.
8 Detail from the Buddhist cave-reliefs of Lung-men. _From a print in the author's possession_.
9 Statue of Mi-lo (Maitreya, the next future Buddha), in the "Great Buddha Temple" at Chengting (Hopei). _Photo H. Hammer-Morrisson_.
10 Ladies of the Court: Clay models which accompanied the dead person to the grave. T'ang period. _In the collection of the Museum für V?lkerkunde. Berlin_.
11 Distinguished founder: a temple banner found at Khotcho, Turkestan. _Museum für V?lkerkunde, Berlin. No. 1B 4524, illustration B 408_.
12 Ancient tiled pagoda at Chengting (Hopei). _Photo H. Hammer-Morrisson_.
13 Horse-training. Painting by Li Lung-mien. Late Sung period. Manchu Royal House Collection.
14 Aborigines of South China, of the "Black Miao" tribe, at a festival. China-ink drawing of the eighteenth century. _Collection of the Museum für V?lkerkunde, Berlin. No. 1D 8756, 68_.
15 Pavilion on the "Coal Hill" at Peking, in which the last Ming emperor committed suicide. Photo Eberhard.
16 The imperial summer palace of the Manchu rulers, at Jehol. _Photo H. Hammer-Morrisson_.
17 Tower on the city wall of Peking. _Photo H. Hammer-Morrisson_.

MAPS
1 Regions of the principal local cultures in prehistoric times
2 The principal feudal States in the feudal epoch (roughly 722-481 B.C.)
3 China in the struggle with the Huns or Hsiung-nu (roughly 128-100 B.C.)
4 The Toba empire (about A.D. 500)
5 The T'ang realm (about A.D. 750)
6 The State of the Later T'ang dynasty (923-935)
INTRODUCTION
There are indeed