A Handbook of Health | Page 3

THE AIR TUBES AND LUNGS 134
"IMPROVING THEIR WIND" 137
THE "DARK ROOM" DANGER OF THE TENEMENTS 145
VENTILATING THE PUPILS, AS WELL AS THE CLASSROOM
146
A WELL-AIRED CLASSROOM 147
A HEALTHFUL ARRANGEMENT OF WINDOWS AND SHADES
148
A HEALTHFUL BEDROOM 151
DISEASE GERMS 152
A VACUUM CLEANER 153
EXERCISE IN THE COLD IS A GOOD PREVENTIVE OF COLDS
155
A YEAR OF CONSUMPTION ON MANHATTAN ISLAND 156
CONSUMPTION IN CHICAGO 157
A REPORT-FORM FROM A HEALTH DEPARTMENT
LABORATORY 159

A SIGN THAT OUGHT NOT TO BE NECESSARY 160
A COMPARATIVE DEATH-RATE FROM CONTAGIOUS
DISEASES 161
A TUBERCULOSIS TENT COLONY IN WINTER 163
AN OUTDOOR CLASSROOM FOR TUBERCULOUS CHILDREN
165
THE LAYERS OF THE SKIN 169
THE GLANDS IN THE SKIN 171
RESULTS OF TIGHT CLOTHING 181
A COMFORTABLE DRESS FOR OUTDOOR STUDY IN COLD
WEATHER 183
AS A TONIC, SWIMMING IS THE BEST FORM OF BATHING 185
THE URINARY SYSTEM 200
THE MUSCLE-SHEET 205
USE OF MUSCLES IN BOWLING 206
USE OF MUSCLES IN FOOTBALL 207
PATELLA AND MUSCLE 207
THE HUMAN SKELETON 211
THE SPINAL COLUMN 212
A BALL-AND-SOCKET JOINT 213
A HINGE JOINT 213

LENGTHWISE SECTION OF BONE 214
CROSS SECTION OF BONE 214
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 218
THE POSITION OF THE BODY IS AN INDEX TO ITS HEALTH
229
IMPRINT OF (1) ARCHED FOOT AND (2) FLAT FOOT 230
THE RESULT OF WEARING A FASHIONABLE SHOE 231
CALLUS FORMED AROUND A FRACTURE 234
A TRAINED BODY 242
TUG OF WAR 245
THE GIANT STRIDE 246
SCHOOL GARDENING 248
A WASTED CHANCE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH 249
AN OBSTACLE RACE 250
THE HIGH JUMP 251
ADENOIDS 256
MOUTH-BREATHERS 257
THE APPARATUS OF VISION 260
A SCHOOL EYE-TEST 263
DISINFECTING A BABY'S EYES AT BIRTH 265
THE APPARATUS OF HEARING 267

THE VOCAL CORDS 272
TEETH--A QUESTION OF CARE 278
A TOOTH 279
THE REPLACING OF THE MILK TEETH 282
A TOOTH-BRUSH DRILL 284
THE WINNING FIGHT 290
DEATH-RATE FROM MEASLES 291
DEATH-RATE FROM DIPHTHERIA AND CROUP 294
BILL OF HEALTH 298
GERMS OF MALARIA 301
CULEX 302
ANOPHELES 302
OILING A BREEDING GROUND OF MOSQUITOES 304
AN EDUCATIONAL FLY POSTER 310
A BREEDING PLACE OF FLIES AND FILTH 311
A TOURNIQUET 321
POISON IVY 325
THE NEW METHOD OF ARTIFICIAL BREATHING 328
PLATES IN COLOR
DIAGRAM OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM facing 110

DIAGRAM SHOWING GENERAL PLAN AND POSITION OF
BODY-MACHINERY facing 198

A HANDBOOK OF HEALTH
CHAPTER I
RUNNING THE HUMAN AUTOMOBILE
The Body-Automobile. If you were to start to-morrow morning on a
long-distance ride in an automobile, the first thing that you would do
would be to find out just how that automobile was built; how often it
must have fresh gasoline; how its different speed gears were worked;
what its tires were made of; how to mend them; and how to cure engine
troubles. To attempt to run an automobile, for even a ten-mile ride,
with less information than this, would be regarded as foolhardy.
Yet most of us are willing to set out upon the journey of life in the most
complicated, most ingenious, and most delicate machine ever
made--our body--with no more knowledge of its structure than can be
gained from gazing in the looking-glass; or of its needs, than a
preference for filling up its fuel tank three times a day. More
knowledge than this is often regarded as both unnecessary and
unpleasant. Yet there are few things more important, more vital to our
health, our happiness, and our success in life, than to know how to steer
and how to road-repair our body-automobile. This we can learn only
from physiology and hygiene.
The General Plan of the Human Automobile is Simple. Complicated as
our body-automobile looks to be, there are certain things about the plan
and general build of it which are plain enough. It has a head end, where
fuel supplies are taken in and where its lamps and other look-out
apparatus are carried; a body in which the fuel is stored and turned into
work or speed, and into which air is drawn to help combustion and to
cool the engine pipes. It has a pair of fore-wheels (the arms) and a pair
of hind-wheels (the legs), though these have been reduced to only one

spoke each, and swing only about a quarter of the way around and back
again when running, instead of round and round. It has a steering gear
(the brain), just back of the headlights, and a system of nerve electric
wires connecting all parts of it. It gets warm when it runs, and stops if it
is not fed.
[Illustration: TO ATTEMPT TO RUN AN AUTOMOBILE
WITHOUT KNOWING HOW WOULD BE REGARDED AS
FOOLHARDY]
There is not an unnecessary part, or unreasonable "cog," anywhere in
the whole of our bodies. It is true that there are a few