- Sex - Another Sex Tutorial | Page 3

of symptoms and signs found in people\

who are HIV positive. These may include recurrent fevers, unexplained we\
ight loss,
swollen lymph nodes, or fungus infection of the mouth and throat. Also d\
escribed as
symptomatic HIV infection (previously known as ARC). Most commonly use\
d to describe
AIDS.
HIV-negative: When test results show there are no HIV antibodies in the blood (i.e.,\
no
HIV infection).
HIV-positive: When test results show there are HIV antibodies in the blood (i.e., HI\
V
infected); the stage before AIDS-related diseases. Also referred to as \
being sero-positive.
Homosexual: Men who have sex with men (gay); women who have sex with women
(lesbian).
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): The retrovirus thought to cause AIDS. Many
different strains of HIV have been isolated. Name and acronym selected b\
y respected
group of international scientists in 1986 to describe HTLV-III; LAV; and\
ARV.

I
Immunity: A natural or acquired resistance to a specific disease. Immunity may be\
partial
or complete, long lasting or temporary.
Incidence: The extent or frequency with which new HIV infections and AIDS cases oc\
cur,
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another sex tutorial - GLOSSARY of HIV & AIDS
in a defined population, within a specified period of time.
Incubation period: Term used similar to "latency period;" when an organism is in the
body but not symptomatic.
Inhibitor: A drug, chemical or substance that inhibits or blocks something from
happening. Protease Inhibitors are a new drug that is expected to help i\
nhibit the
progression of HIV.
Injecting Drug Users (IDUs): Current term now favored as substitute for "intravenous"
drug users (IV drug); includes individuals who inject into the muscle \
or just below the skin,
as well as injecting into the veins and arteries.
Intercourse: Sexual activity that includes penetration by the penis of the vagina an\
d anus
(also "coitus" and "fuck").
Interferon: A substance that is produced when the body detects infection with a vir\
us.
Interferon is released to coat uninfected cells to protect them.
Interleukin: A group of cytokines that help immune system cells communicate and
modulates immune response.
Intravenous (IV): Intravenous drugs are injected directly into the veins and arteries
("injecting" drug user is now favored in place of "i.v.").

K
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS): Blood vessels which grow rapidly and cause pink to purple
painless spots on the skin. KS can also grow in other places such as the\
lungs. It can be
accompanied by fever, enlarged lymph nodes and stomach problems.
Knowledge, Attitude, Belief and Practice Survey (KABP): Standard for questionnaire
surveys; used extensively as a prime HIV/AIDS educational research metho\
dology.
L
Latency: The period when an organism in the body is inactive and/or not producin\
g any
ill effects. HIV is never really latent, although an infected person may\
not have symptoms
or feel bad.
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another sex tutorial - GLOSSARY of HIV & AIDS
Latex condom: Most condoms are made out of latex material (safer than natural
lambskin prophylactics), although rubber quality varies greatly. Some a\
re very good
atinhibiting HIV transmission (nearly 100 percent effective) while oth\
ers, usually ultra-thin
or novelty brands are only 50 to 75 percent effective.
Lesbian: Term commonly used to describe women who have sex with women.
Lymph Glands: Small immune system centers that are located all over the body. Lymph
glands protect the bloodstream from infection by filtering out infection\
particles.

M
Macrophage: A large immune system cell that roams through the blood looking for
foreign matter. These cells also alert the rest of the immune system tha\
t help is needed.
Maintenance therapy: Use of a treatment after the disease(s) has been brought under
control. For example, unless maintenance therapy is used against PCP, th\
e disease will
probably occur again.
Men having Sex with Men (MSM): A term used originally by the CDC for describing gay
and bisexual men.
Monogamous: Choosing to have one sexual partner for a period of time, as in marriag\
e
or a steady relationship (promoted as a sexually safer way of living in\
the 1990s).
Morality-Based: Term commonly used to describe religious-based tenets. (There is
disagreement with the term "morality" as people who favor safer sex tech\
niques believe
that their point of view is also morality-based. i.e., saving lives.)
N
Nonoxynol 9: An effective spermicide coating with condoms that can kill many STDs an\
d
HIV.

O
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another sex tutorial - GLOSSARY of HIV & AIDS
Opportunistic Infection (OI): Infections that are caused by agents that are frequently
present in the body or environment, and can cause an infection in an imm\
une-
compromised person by an organism that does not usually cause disease in\
healthy
people. When an individual's immune system becomes weak, these organisms\
may
cause serious or even life-threatening illnesses.
Oral sex: Refers to sex using the mouth and genitalia (also "fellatio," "blow jo\
b,"
"sucking," also "cunnilingus.")
Outercourse: New "safer sex" term refers to foreplay ("petting") and mutual mastur\
bation
between partners, as contrasted with sexual intercourse.
P
Pandemic: Contagious disease prevalent over a wide geographical area